It was granted a monopoly on joint stock banking by Parliament in return for giving war loans to the government.

作为向政府给予战争贷款的交换,英格兰银行被英国国会授予,成为股份制银行的垄断者。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

They show the expected return on stocks versus bonds or short-term debt for a whole range of countries.

他们对这些国家的股票预期收益与,国债或者短期债券作出比较。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

This is the return on stocks for a period of almost 200 years.

这个是200年内股票的投资收益率。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

I'll let you read Siegel and his discussion of this possibility, ... but I think that-- what I want to get now is not necessarily any agreement on whether you believe that there's such a high excess return for stocks.

我会要求你们读西格尔的书,以及他对这种可能性的讨论，但是我认为-,你们并不需要,同意炒股的收益,远远高于其他的投资方式。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

In that year, we were early on in terms of diversifying the portfolio -we'd only been working on that program for two years -and even so,the negative return was less than 1%, so it was a modest negative return.

在那一年,我们还处于投资组合多元化的初期,刚刚开始2年,即便如此,股灾时我们的亏损小于1%,这只是一个轻微的亏损

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Suppose someone has been investing money for n years and xi is the return on the investment in a given year.

假设有人投资了n年,Xi是第i年的收益率

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选