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It amounts to 2 to 3% of calories for the average consumer, and as I mentioned, Trans fats are not so good.
平均每位消费者,有2-3%的热量来自反式脂肪,正如我所说,反式脂肪不那么好
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That efficient metabolism that banks calories is highly efficient, highly important, highly adaptable, under circumstances where food is scarce, but not efficient and not adaptive under modern food conditions in the developed world.
能高效存储能量的代谢系统,在食品短缺的情况下,非常重要,有着较强的适应能力,但却不能适应,现代发达国家的食品环境
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If one were faced with starvation, then seeking out fat as we discussed before, is a pretty good idea, but if one is not deprived of calories, then having fat may not be so helpful.
如果一个人面临饥饿,像我们之前讨论的去寻求脂肪,是个好主意,但是如果一个人不消耗热量,那么摄取脂肪就没什么用了
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The ones who would conserve energy, that is they were sedentary when possible, other then when they had to go get food would again not waste their calories but would save them and contribute to the gene pool.
那些保存能量的人,那些能躺不坐,能坐不站的人,除非必须再次寻找食物,否则是绝对不会浪费能量的人,也是对基因库有贡献的
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So if you were starving and you really needed energy, that is your body needed calories, it needed usable energy in order to survive, the broccoli's not going to do you much good and the brownie would be terrific.
假如你快饿死了,实在需要能量,那是你的身体需要卡路里,身体需要可利用的能量去支撑,花椰菜这时就没多大帮助了,布朗尼蛋糕才是首选
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There are other things that would qualify as food, but the not too much of course has to do with over-- intake of certain nutrients, the calories; and then eating mostly plants tends to be a pretty good idea.
辣奇多绝对不能算作食物,至于"适量饮食"则应参考,某些营养素及热量的摄入量,而"植物为主"是一条非常好的建议
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In that process there is a metabolic engine at work, and some people have an efficient engine so that the calories in get banked in the fat, other people have an inefficient engine, that is the calories get wasted as body heat and things like that, and they tend not to gain weight.
这过程中人体内有个工作着的代谢引擎,有些人的代谢引擎效率很高,热量便转化为脂肪储存起来,另一些人的效率低下,能量就以体温等形式被浪费了,因此他们就不容易发胖
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So you could have--be consuming fat that is in itself good for heart health let's say, or maybe protective against cancer in some ways, but it's also adding calories to the diet, so you want to have the optimal amount of fat and not over-consume it because of the calories.
所以你可能是在食用,有益于你心脏健康的脂肪,打个比方,又或是在某种程度上可以抗癌,但它也给你的饮食增加了热量,因此为了减少热量应该食用适量,而非过量的脂肪
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The ones who would seek out calories, the ones who could store and not waste energy, those with an efficient metabolism-- that is those people who took in calories and banked them into their body fat and stored against subsequent famine-- are the ones who would do the best under these circumstances.
那些寻找能量的人,那些储存而不浪费能量的人,那些有着高效代谢系统的人,那些人可以将摄入的热量储存为机体脂肪,以用于对抗即将到来的饥荒,在早先的情况下他们是最适应环境的
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It's also interesting that given the same level of nutritional problems -too much fat, too little fiber, too many calories, whatever it happens to be -not everybody is affected the same way, and some population groups are especially vulnerable, so we'll talk more about that later as well.
另一点值得关注的是,相同的不良营养水平下,太多脂肪,太少纤维,太高热量,无论是哪一种情况,人们受影响的程度不尽相同,有一些人群特别容易受到伤害,我们待会也会讲到这点
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Here are humans who had to walk long distances potentially to find the food, kill the food at great risk to themselves; inspiring a cascade of physiological effects that have to do with fear and arousal and things like that, not to mention all the calories one would burn doing this kind of activity.
这些人可能需要走很远的路,去寻找食物,冒着巨大危险,杀死猎物,人们耗费能量以激活一系列生理效应,用以战胜恐惧,引发斗志,更不用说人们在狩猎的过程中,消耗的卡路里量了
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You may know that there are big fights being waged around the country now between governments that want restaurants to put calories on their labels -not on labels but on the restaurant menus, or on the menu boards in the restaurant, and the restaurant industry doesn't want this at all.
你们或许知道在政府与餐饮业间,正在进行一场大争斗,政府要求餐馆将食物的热量值写在标签上,不是标签而是餐馆菜单或菜单板上,而餐饮业很不愿意这样做
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