So what we're going to see is less shielding, which means that it will actually feel a higher z effective.

那么我们将会看到更少的屏蔽，这意味着将会感受到更大的有效核电量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

But what's important is not where that most probable radius is when we're talking about the z effective it feels, what's more important is how close the electron actually can get the nucleus.

但重要的不是,最可能半径,当我们谈论它感到的有效电荷量的时候，更重要的是,电子实际上。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

It is found that the most effective way of dealing with this phenomenon was actually to cultivate the positive,to cultivate personal strengths, to cultivate and identify one's passions, ? to ask a question such as "what is meaningful to me in my life?

事实证明，处理这种现象,最有效的方法是,培养积极性和个人优点，培育激情，提出这种问题“我人生中什么是有意义的？

哈佛公开课 - 幸福课课程节选

So if we have total +2 and complete shielding -1 where that can actually negate a full positive charge, because remember our nucleus is plus 2, +1 one of the electrons is minus 1, so if it totally blocks it, all we would have left from the nucleus is an effective charge of plus 1.

抵消一个完全的正电荷,因为记住我们的原子核是,其中一个电子是,所以如果它完全挡住了它，我们从原子核中留下的，全部有效电荷就是，所以，在我们的第一个例子中,我们的第一种极端情况。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

The reason it's aluminum is because aluminum has a lower z effective, so it's not being pulled in as tightly by the nucleus, and if it's not being pulled in as tightly, you're going to have to put in less energy in order to ionize it, so that's why it's actually going to have the smaller ionization energy.

原因是,铝的有效核电量更少，所以没有被原子核束缚得更紧，而如果没有被束缚得更紧，你为了电离它所需要注入的能量也就更少，这就是,它的电离能会更低的原因。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

We know that it has to be equal to less than 2, because even if we had absolutely no shielding at 2 all, the highest z effective we could have is 2, so it makes perfect sense that we have a z effective that falls somewhere in the middle of those two.

我们知道它必须小于，因为即使完全没有一点屏蔽,最高的有效的z是，所以我们得到的有效电荷量处于,两者之间就非常讲得通了,让我们来看看另一个例子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选