It's Dickens in part, that stereotype of old London, of the urban working class, but it's not just Dickens. Moby Dick is here too.
其中有狄更斯出现,有对于伦敦及当地工人阶级的,刻板印象,不仅仅是狄更斯的影子,还有《白鲸记》
If the stereotype is "your group doesn't do good in this," if I remind you that you're a member of that group immediately before doing it, your performance will drop.
如果刻板印象是“你的群体数学不好”,如果我在考前说,你是这个群体的,你的表现就会下降。
The finding is that if your race or your group has a negative stereotype associated with it in any particular domain, being reminded of it serves as a stereotype threat and hence damages your performance in all sorts of domains.
他们发现如果你的种族或群体,跟一个消极的刻板印象有关,随便在什么领域上,如果别人在你面前提前,就足以构成刻板印象威胁,从而影响你在这个领域上的表现。
It turns out in the world of classical music there's a stereotype of women being simply less proficient than men: they play smaller than men, they don't have the same force and they have smaller techniques, they're more temperamental and so on.
在古典音乐界,有一个刻板印象,女人的造诣就是不如男人:,她们演奏得不如男人宏大,她们力量不如男人,她们技巧不如男人,她们喜怒无常等等。
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