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The water soluble vitamins tend to be used more immediately by the body not stored and excreted through the urine if consumed in excess, so the body can tolerate more variation in intake of these before you start getting toxicity than is the case with the vitamins on the right.
而水溶性维生素往往都立刻被身体所利用,不会被机体储藏,过剩部分由尿液排出,因此机体耐受过量水溶性维生素的能力,相比起右边这栏里的脂溶性维生素,可是要强得多了
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And he poses for this photo as an intake photo as he enters St. Elizabeth's Hospital for the Insane in Washington.
这是他在入住华盛顿圣伊丽莎白精神病院时,所拍的入住照片。
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Now let's take this information and put it in the context of what a day's fat and calorie intake might be like.
现在让我们把刚才的知识运用到实际中,我们一天脂肪和卡路里摄入量是多少
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So what researchers do is they hope to get enough people in a sample, where overall, you hope to be capturing normal intake.
所以研究者做的是,让尽可能多的人群进入样本,总体上你就可以得到正常的摄入量了
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Well, we'll sort through all these and discuss what a society might do to help change food preferences and food intake patterns in the society.
我们会通览所有问题然后讨论社会该做些,什么来帮助我们改变饮食偏好和饮食习惯
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In all cases, these are significant variations from what the recommended dietary intake should be.
所有这些中,实际摄入量,和推荐摄入量之间都有着巨大的差异
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Well, the only way you know is to do studies-- and we'll talk about how these are done in the next class-- linking dietary behavior, food intake with health.
了解这些的唯一方法是做研究,而在下一节课,我们会谈论具体过程,联系饮食习惯,食物摄入与健康
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And then the next slide shows the average reported intake of ten year olds in the United States, and you can see the pie charts don't line up very well.
而下一张幻灯显示了,美国十岁孩子的平均摄入量,你可以看到这两张饼图并不能很好地重合
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Some people can fight the brain off in this case, and control their food intake, maintain a healthy diet, and maintain a normal weight, but the number of such people in the population is shrinking by the day.
有些人可以抵制大脑的控制,控制食物的摄入量,维持健康饮食 保持正常体重,而今,这类人的数量日益减少
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The ones that get talked about the most in terms of health, the one is sodium of course, because salt intake but the others are important for health as well and in some cases they're being consumed in large amounts and some in small amounts.
提到最多的和健康相关的矿物质,当然就是钠了,因为人每天都吃盐,但其它元素对健康也同样重要,某些情况下,矿物质的消耗量会很大,而在另一些情况下则很小
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But the fact that reducing cholesterol is considered good for you in the first place, depends on these kinds of studies on population intake to know how much cholesterol people are eating and then link it to reports of heart disease, or cancer, or whatever the health outcome is.
但减少胆固醇这个事实,首先对你来说是好的,依据这些关于总体摄入量的研究可以知道,人们摄入胆固醇的多少,关系到心脏疾病,或癌症或其他健康问题
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Now Susan Mayne, who is a Professor here in the School of Public Health, has done some very interesting work with an electronic device that can be passed over the palm of your hand and measures pigmentation in the hand as a way to assess vegetable intake in people.
苏珊·梅恩,我们公共卫生学院的教授,做了些值得关注的工作,通过电子设备,扫描你的手掌,测算其上色素沉淀,可以得出人们蔬菜的摄入量
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Fat is not all that much different, but one thing that's happened is the type of fat has changed a lot, and so people are eating less fat from plant sources and more fat from animals sources That's where the saturated fat comes in and high saturated fat intake is not a good thing.
脂肪摄入量相差无几,然而脂肪的种类却发生了很大变化,人们越来越少从植物中摄取脂肪,而更多是从肉类食物中获得,肉类食物中含有饱和脂肪酸,而过多地摄入饱和脂肪酸是有害的
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