He's referring to the Tyranny of the Thirty that existed after the Athenian defeat.

他所指的是三十暴君,成立于雅典兵败之后。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

But we can only remember, he thinks, in the relevant way if our soul existed before the birth of our body, before the creation of our body.

但是我们之前知道,他认为我们的灵魂,存在于我们的身体诞生之前,在我们的身体被创造之前

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There is no way to talk about what he's talking about in the kinds of settlements that existed before the invention of the polis, and that I think is worth mentioning.

因为他是无法,在城邦出现前谈论,这种存在形式的居住地的,我认为这一点很值得注意

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选