How do we know that everyone choosing 1 is the Nash Equilibrium in the game where you all chose numbers?

我们怎么知道在那个数字游戏中,选择1就是这个博弈的均衡呢

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

In particular, I want to develop and make sure we all understand, what are the ingredients of a game?

就是我希望大家都够理解,博弈的要素有哪些

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Now for the hacker edition, if you are feeling up to a bit more of a challenge you'll find that when you run the game, one it's not all that hard to use some ASCII art just make it a little fancier as the teaching fellow who implemented this solution did.

对于升级版，如果你能应付更大的,挑战，你会发现当你在玩这个游戏时，用一些字符画把它做得,比那些教学人员做的更有新意,并不是那么困难。

哈佛公开课 - 计算机科学课程节选

First of all, happiness is a positive sum game-- it's not a zero sum game.

首先，快乐是正和游戏-,不是零和游戏。

哈佛公开课 - 幸福课课程节选

He's playing with Freudian slips. Of course, what he's thinking about all the time is the master-slave game, and so here it comes out, when he's talking about his brother's diving: "He's a master diver. You really have to slave away at it."

他在开Freudian滑倒的玩笑，当然，他一直想的是,主人-奴隶的游戏，当谈到他兄弟的潜水时，他提到了：,“他是个跳水能手，你真得埋头苦干拼命练习这个了“

耶鲁公开课 - 1945年后的美国小说课程节选

All right, so unlike the other game, the two examples of coordination games we saw so far were really pure coordination problems.

没错,这和之前的博弈不同,目前为止我们看到的前两个案例,是纯粹的协调博弈

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Right, so you should all have been choosing in this game, you all should have chosen Alpha.

对,在这次博弈中,你们应该都选α

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

But in the real world that's a sequential game, people decide to run in some order, we're going to assume this is all simultaneous.

但在现实生活中这是个有顺序的博弈,人们依照某种顺序决定是否参选,我们将假设这全是同时发生的

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

All right, so last time we were talking about the Investor Game and this was a coordination game, and we learned some things.

上一讲我们讲到了投资者博弈,这属于协调博弈,从中我们学到了不少东西

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Can I get you all to look at Game 1 and start thinking about it.

大家先浏览下游戏1 然后思考一下

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So we've now got all of the ingredients of the game: players, strategies, payoffs.

现在这个博弈的所有要素都有了,参与人,策略和收益

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Delete those. Look at the game with all those dominated strategies deleted.

先剔除劣势策略,然后重新观察这个博弈

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

In the first game, it was kind of clear that we should choose Alpha and here it's not at all clear what we can do-- what we should do.

在第一个博弈里,我们很显然应该选α,但这次我们应该怎么选就很不确定了

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

All right, so in fact, if we checked the Nash equilibria in this game, the Nash Equilibria, and you can check that they are in fact best responses, are both people doing The Bourne ultimatum or both people doing The Good Shepherd.

很好,实际上,如果我们仔细看一下这个博弈,就会发现它们纳什均衡就是最佳对策,即两个人都去看《谍影重重》,或是两人都去看《特工风云》

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So this is our grade game, and what I'm going to do, since it's kind of hard to absorb all the information just by reading a paragraph of text, I'm going to make a table to record the information.

就是我们的成绩博弈,因为这么长一段文字,从中摘取信息有点困难,不如我们列表整理信息

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

We also saw in that numbers game last time that in some games, but by no means all games, in some games this process actually converges to a single choice.

我们同样可以发现,在某些博弈中,不是所有的博弈,迭代剔除劣势策略,最终会导致唯一的选择

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选