Let me ask another question, if you give this-- and we'll talk about this in a later lecture, but if you give this diet to laboratory animal-- rats, mice, whatever-- it's very common for animals to gain a good bit of weight when given access to this diet.

我们来看另一个问题,如果你给,我们将在以后的课上讨论这个话题,但如果你给实验室动物,像小白鼠之类的,给予某种类型的饮食,这种饮食习惯会使得体重增加

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Previously humans were to be vegetarian: Genesis 1, the portrait was one in which humans and animals did not compete for food, or consume one another.

在《创世纪》1中，早期的人类是素食主义者，描绘了一幅人类和动物,不用争夺食物，不用互相残杀的景象。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

Again, there's no advertising affecting this, there's no parents being irresponsible and buying sugary cereals for the poor little animals.

此外,这个结果并不受广告营销的影响,也不因为有父母不负责任,给这个可怜的小动物买高糖的谷物

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

"For we assert," he says, "nature does nothing in vain and man alone " among the animals has speech.

他说，“因为我们主张自然演变并不无道理,而人类独立于其它动物之外,是因为我们有辩论能力。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

In fact you do not have to kill any animals for this kind of research because we do everything in a test tube.

其实，做这种研究,你根本用不着杀害任何动物,因为试验都是在试管中进行的。

斯坦福公开课 - 7个颠覆你思想的演讲课程节选

Real life for both humans and animals involved cases where the reinforcement doesn't happen all the time but actually happens according to different schedules.

在现实中，人类和动物,并不总是不停的得到强化,但实际上强化则是根据不同的时程出现的。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

Now it's not uncommon, by the way, for laboratory animals in these studies to triple their body weight.

顺便说下,在实验室,让动物体重变成普通的三倍,并不罕见

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Sacrifice was offered only on pilgrimage to Jerusalem, which meant that slaughter of animals for meat in the countryside no longer has a sacral component to it. It's just ordinary, common, profane slaughter.

献祭只有在到耶路撒冷朝圣才能进行，这意味着,在乡下宰杀动物取肉不在有,神圣的元素它只是普通的，常见的，亵渎神明的宰杀。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

And through this way behaviorists have developed token economies where they get nonhuman animals to do interesting things for seemingly arbitrary rewards like poker chips.

通过这种方式,行为主义者们发明了代币法,他们用一种特定的类似于扑克筹码的奖励,来训练非人类动物。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

And so, that simple fact is why we would expect animals to care for their children, because children are the means through which genes replicate.

所以，简单的事实是,我们为什么期待动物关心后代，因为后代是基因繁衍的方式。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

There's no mention of chicken or beef, In Genesis 1:30, God says that the animals are being given the green plants, the grass and herbs, for food.

并未提到鸡肉或牛肉，在《创世纪》第一章30节中说，动物将拥有,绿色植物和草木作为食物。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

From time to time, they wandered to Egypt or Mesopotamia often in search of pasture for their animals. And various details of their language, their customs, their laws, their religion, it's argued, seem to fit well into the period of the Late Bronze Age.

时而不时的，他们常在埃及或美索不达米亚游荡,为他们的牲口寻找牧场，大量关于他们的语言,他们的习俗，他们的律法，他们的宗教的细节，据说，都与融入了后青铜时期的特征。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

For it is peculiar to man as compared to other animals that he alone has a perception of " good and bad, just and unjust and other things."

因为对比于其它动物,是人类特有的,人类能感受出,善与恶正义与不公还有其它的事务“

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

We are political animals, he says, because participation in the life of the city is necessary for the achievement of human excellence, for the achievement of our well-being.

他说，我们是政治动物，因为参与城市生活,才能达致,人类卓越，也才能达致我们的福祉。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

So this diet, although it's processed by a company and sold for people doing animal studies, it more or less mimics what these animals might be eating under natural conditions.

尽管这些食物经过商业加工,并用于动物科学研究,但会尽可能的模拟,实验动物在自然环境下的饮食

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Animals, for instance, have natural responses.

举例来说，动物拥有各种自然反应。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选