I'm not going to expand on this because I can't get into-- This is not a course in probability theory but I'm hopeful that you can see the formula and you can apply it.

我不准备拓展这一部分,毕竟这节课不是概率论,但我希望你们能记住这个公式,并且学会应用

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

And here, in an isothermal expansion, The bath is putting back the energy that the gas is expanding or using to expand, and so the energy is flowing back into the gas through the environment in the isothermal expansion.

而在等温膨胀中，恒温环境将气体膨胀对外做功,而损失的能量又返还回来，在等温膨胀中,能量从环境,流向系统。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选