You rotate the letters by a deterministic amount, by a fixed number of steps so that the end result is actually something that can be reversed.

你用确定的数量旋转那些字母，通过一个固定数量的步骤,这样，最终结果是可以把它,反加密出来。

哈佛公开课 - 计算机科学课程节选

You hook one end of the spring to a wall and you pull it from rest by some amount and you attach the one kilogram mass to it.

你把弹簧的一端固定在墙上,然后拉伸一段距离,接着你把 1 千克物体固定在上面

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选