Because we've learned about that biology we've been able to make erythropoietin outside the body and use it as a drug.

由于我们已经知道了这种生物学机制,因此我们能体外制造促红细胞生成素,并作为药品应用

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

When you don't produce enough insulin yourself, as diabetics do not, then you can use insulin as a drug.

如果你的体内不能产生足够的胰岛素,例如糖尿病人,你就可以将胰岛素作为药物使用

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The other pathway that I think is very promising is now to use stem cell generated cells in culture dishes to use them for high throughput drug screening now we can test thousands of different drugs without killing so many animals.

第二个目标的前景相当广阔,我们可以用干细胞,在培养皿中大量繁殖各种细胞,用于大剂量的药物试验,让你无需屠戮动物,就能进行各种药物试验。

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Now, sometimes the agonist is the natural ligand itself and that's - an example of that is when you use insulin as a drug.

有时激动剂药物就是天然配体分子,例如将胰岛素作为药物使用

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So if you can make 100 tons of the drug but it costs $100,000 a gram that might not be a useful drug because nobody could afford to use it.

虽然你能制造一百吨药,但每克药得十万美元,这药就没什么用,因为没人能用得起它

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选