In that case, we understand it as a sequence of cross-sections rather than something that somehow organically changes through time.

这样，我们就是在学习一个个语言的横截面,而不是语言自然的变化过程。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

So, that's how far east they get and in time the Carthaginians also cross over into Spain and they control some portion of the Spanish coast closest to Africa.

这就是在东部,希腊人所能到达的最远之地,同一时间,迦太基人进入到西班牙,并控制了西班牙,靠近非洲的部分海岸

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

But at the same time the study of moral reasoning is a fascinated--fascinating issue for those of us interested in cross-cultural psychology because there are plain differences across cultures.

但同时,道德推理是一个很有趣的研究,尤其对那些对跨文化心理感心趣的人,因为每个文化都有明显的差异。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

It's a more powerful method than something called a cross-sectional study, and I'll come back in a later lecture and talk about these in more detail, but a cross-sectional study means you're taking a snapshot of a population of people at one time.

这种方法比所谓的横断面研究更加有效,我将在以后的课中,再仔细讨论这个问题,但横断面研究是指,你一次记录下一群人的状况

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选