Bourgeois and burghers, as I said last time, are urban residents who are losing their privileges on the continent to big-time absolute states.
中产阶级和市民,正如我上次所讲的,这些城市居民是那些在欧洲大陆,被绝对主义国家剥夺权利的人
one of my life goal, life-long goals is to visit every continent.
这是我的一个人生目标,去每一个大洲旅行。
That is to say, discover an entirely new continent, a new world, so to speak, the new world of Machiavelli.
也就是说发现了全新的大陆,全新的世界,属于马奇亚维利的全新世界。
If you go onto the continent,though, they tended to be interrupted by World War I and World War II.
如果你们往欧洲大陆国家那里考虑,一战和二战期间的数据几乎是没有存档的
And which, in the case of England, the civil war was largely fought, to a great extent anyway, trying to prevent the English monarchy from taking on characteristics of those emerging absolute states on the continent.
其中之一是英国,[1648年的英国内战称之为 "英国资产阶级革命"],这在很大程度上,是为了阻止英国的君主制,转变为欧洲大陆上新兴的绝对主义
Machiavelli, you remember, claimed to have discovered a new continent, new modes and orders.
马基雅维利,被认为是,发现了一块新的领域,新的模式和秩序。
It was Hobbes who helped to make this new continent habitable.
而正是霍布斯,使得这块新的领域适于研究。
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