And shielding is a little bit of a misnomer because it's not actually that's the electron's blocking the charge from another electron, it's more like you're canceling out a positive attractive force with a negative repulsive force.

屏蔽有一点点用词不当,因为它事实上不是,电子阻挡了来自另一个电子的电荷,它更像你在用一个负排斥力，抵消一个正吸引力,但是屏蔽是考虑这个问题,的很好的方式。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

We have the minus because we're adding a negative charge from the electron.

有这个负号的原因是,我们得到一个电子后增加了一个单位负电荷。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

We, in fact, borrow oxygen or steal oxygen from the air free of charge.

我们事实上免费从空气中,借或者偷氧气。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So the Romans were in charge of Judea from 63 BCE on.

所以罗马人自公元前63年开始统治朱迪亚。

耶鲁公开课 - 新约课程节选

The dealer will charge a higher price for you to buy the furniture than will give to you to purchase the furniture from you; that's how the dealer makes a difference.

中间商给你的报价,会比向你收购同样家具的开价高,这就是中间商如何赚取差价

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

So, shielding happens when you have more than one electron in an atom, and the reason that it's happening is because you're actually canceling out some of that positive charge from the nucleus or that attractive force with a repulsive force between two electrons.

所以当你们在原子中有多于一个电子,屏蔽就会发生，它之所以会发生的原因是,你们实际上抵消了,一些来自原子核的正电荷,或者来自吸引力,在两个电子之间。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And let's say our second electron now is really far away, such that it's actually not going to shield any of the nuclear charge at all from that first electron.

距离原子核非常非常近,我们说第二个电子处于非常远的位置,这样它不会对第一个电子,感受到的来自原子核的电荷量有任何屏蔽作用,我们最后要说的是。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

That's not a positive and negative charge, that's actually a phase, and that arises from the wave equation.

这不是指正负电荷，它是指相位，这是从波函数中得来的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And then we end up having 6 shared electrons, 2 from each of the bonds, so we end up with a formal charge on sulfur of plus 1.

然后我们有六个共用电子，每个键两个，因此最终硫的形式电荷量为正一。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

The electron completely canceled out 1 it's equivalent of charge from the nucleus, such that we only saw in a z effective of 1.

电子完全抵消了来自原子核的等量电荷,这样我们仅仅看到有效的z为，在极端案例b中。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So if we have total +2 and complete shielding -1 where that can actually negate a full positive charge, because remember our nucleus is plus 2, +1 one of the electrons is minus 1, so if it totally blocks it, all we would have left from the nucleus is an effective charge of plus 1.

抵消一个完全的正电荷,因为记住我们的原子核是,其中一个电子是,所以如果它完全挡住了它，我们从原子核中留下的，全部有效电荷就是，所以，在我们的第一个例子中,我们的第一种极端情况。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And the point that I also want to make is the way that they differ, z effective actually differs from the total charge in the nucleus due to an idea called shielding.

我也想指出的一点是它们不同的方式,有效的z事实上不同于原子核的，总电荷量,因为屏蔽效应。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选