And, if you take all of these ideas, omnidirectional and unsaturated, it means that ions can keep glomming on.

如果你注意所有的想法，无方向性和不饱和性，意味着离子能够保持攫取状态。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So the last thing I want to mention today is how we can think about electron configurations for ions.

今天我想提到的最后一件事,就是我们怎样考虑离子的,电子构型。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

I can take you and immediately start designing batteries, because we need ions in motion, we need small ions in motion.

我可以从此让你快速起步设计电池，因为我们需要能运动的离子，我们需要能运动的小型离子。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

And whenever it pulls on it and moves it to the right side you can actually see the flash of the ions entering the cell.

将它移到右边,你就能真切地看到,离子进入细胞的那一瞬间。

斯坦福公开课 - 7个颠覆你思想的演讲课程节选

You turn on your lamp, it happens pretty fast because current can flow very quickly through wire or through a charged - a solution of ions.

你打开灯 灯马上就亮了,电流可以迅速通过,电线或者带电荷的--电解质的溶液

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

But, can you see that as you get really close together the negative electronic cloud surrounding the two ions start to sense one another.

然后当你真的让它们,离得很近时,这两个离子周围的负电子云能感应到对方。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

And this is really interesting to think about because you can imagine in our body we have concentrations of all types of ions, and specifically, some seem very, very similar to each other.

这是非常令人感兴趣的,因为大家可以想象一下，在我们的体内我们有,一定浓度的任何类型的离子，而且特别地，其中有一些非常非常地相似。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

- The answer to that is definitely no -- if they had the same electron configuration, they would, in fact be neon. But we can think about different ions that have this electron configuration.

答案是绝对没有-,如果它们具有相同的电子排布，那么它们，实际上,将都是氖，但是我们可以想一想,有没有其它离子具有这种电子排布呢？

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Or you can talk about the gate being open, and in this case, you can see that you will have an influx of ions.

或者你可以说闸门是打开的，就像这种情况，可以看到有离子通过它流入细胞。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

We can already use that in terms of single ions to think about a really complex biological issue, which is to talk about ion channels.

我们已经能够仅仅凭借这个关于单个离子的原理,来讨论一个非常复杂的生物问题了，我们要讨论的就是离子通道。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So the influx of ions from the outside of the cell to the inside of And you can think of ion channels as being gated, by gated it means the gate can be closed and no ions are going through, as in this case here.

下面以离子从细胞外部流入内部,你可以把离子通道想象成是有闸门的，也就是说闸门可以关上,这时没有离子能通过，就像这种情况。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So that's going to be the end of the exam 1 material, and then we'll move on to exam 2 material, which is kind of exciting, because we've been talking about just individual atoms and ions up to this point, and now we can talk about molecules, so we're going to start talking about bonding.

到此为止就是第一次考试的内容，接下来我们会开始讲第二次考试的内容，这些内容令人有点兴奋，因为我们一直都只是在讨论单个的原子,和离子到目前为止，而现在我们可以讨论分子了，要开始讨论成键的问题了。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

This conversion from a mechanical energy into a chemical energy can be nicely visualized when one fills a hair cell with a sensitive die that responds to the calcium ions that influx into the cell.

如果在毛细胞中注入,对钙离子敏感的物质,可以精确地模拟,这一机械能到化学能的转化过程。

斯坦福公开课 - 7个颠覆你思想的演讲课程节选

So, for example, if we look at sodium channels, and sodium channels are some of the particularly prevalent ones when we're talking about neurons, if you think about the cell membrane, and this little green cartoon is me trying to show a sodium channel here, and in this case, you can see that it's closed, such that no ions are getting through.

比如，让我们来看一下钠离子通道，钠离子通道是我们会经常遇到的几个之一,在讨论神经元的时候，如果大家想想细胞膜，而这个绿色的小示意图就是我用来表示,钠离子通道的，在这种情况下，大家可以看到它是关闭的，因此没有离子可以通过。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选