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We remember the fish that we used to eat free in Egypt Okay, we were slaves, but the food was free, you know?
我记得以前在埃及的时候不花钱就可以吃鱼,虽然我们是奴隶，但是食物是免费的，你知道吗？
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I do like Chinese food, but in Chinatown, I think a lot of their stuff is very greasy.
我喜欢中国菜，但在唐人街，我觉得很多东西都很油。
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But in cultures where the food environment doesn't represent the conditions the brain expects, you've got a mismatch.
但是当你所处的食物环境,不符合大脑的预期时,理想和现实错位了
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We're going to talk about cloning next week, but why would cloning be an advantage in producing food?
下星期我们讨论克隆,为什么克隆技术在食品工业中具有优越性
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You've got people from the outskirts coming in for food and safety; but, the population is slightly over two million people, and that's a lot of mouths to feed.
人们从郊区前往城市寻求食物和庇护,然而人口数量很快突破了二百万,人人都在等米下锅
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It's like just vegetables but they try to make it taste like food with meat in it, so.
但是他们用蔬菜做的素食，吃起来总感觉里面有肉。
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To some, some planting of food, although not a lot, but also dealing with food in different ways.
有些人开始种植粮食,尽管这样的人并不多,还有了很多处理食物的方法
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But in some parts of the class the distinction between nutrients and food is made quite distinct.
但是在我们的某些课程中,营养素与食物之间有明确的分水岭
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But it's also important to understand what's in foods and that's why food labels are so important.
另外,了解食物里面有些什么也很重要,因此食品标签很有用
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The micronutrients, which are available in food but in smaller amounts, are vitamins, minerals, and water.
微量营养素,在膳食中所占比重较小,它们是维生素,矿物质和水
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They appear in food in pretty small amounts which is why they're the micronutrients;, but they're vital for health, so if you're deficient in micronutrients you've got big problems.
它们在食物中所占比重很小,这也是称它们为"微量元素"的原因,但它们对健康的意义却是至关重要的,如果缺乏微量元素的话会很糟糕
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And if food is anything you eat, it gives you a nutrient, then basically everything satisfies the criteria for food; not everything in the world, but most things would.
若不论吃什么,只要提供营养就是食物,那基本上没有什么不满足食物的定义,倒不是说一切东西,至少绝大部分都满足
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If a food never had trans fat in it but it gets labeled as having no trans fat, does that increase your perception of how good that food is for you?
如果某种食品不含反式脂肪酸,而上面也贴着不含反式脂肪酸的标签,它是否会提高你对这个食品的认知呢
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but in the presence of the modern food environment that provides access to these things, and to foods like a pop tart with fifty-six different things in it, the body gets thrown off.
但在如今的饮食环境中,我们可以随时接触到像是果酱馅饼,这样的集五十六种成分于一身的食物,但却不利于身体健康
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That efficient metabolism that banks calories is highly efficient, highly important, highly adaptable, under circumstances where food is scarce, but not efficient and not adaptive under modern food conditions in the developed world.
能高效存储能量的代谢系统,在食品短缺的情况下,非常重要,有着较强的适应能力,但却不能适应,现代发达国家的食品环境
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Hydrogenation is an interesting process and will bring us to the discussion of Trans fat in just a few minutes, but it's basically when you hydrogenate a food you are altering its chemical properties to take a soft fat and make it more solid.
氢化是个有趣的过程并且,一会儿我们将由它引出反式脂肪的话题,但基本上,对食物进行氢化,是在改变食物的化学性质,将软脂酸变为硬脂酸
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A kilocalorie, and this is really what we--when people talk about calories, how many calories in food, it's really kilocalories that they're referring to, but that would be the energy required to raise a kilogram of water one degree centigrade.
一千卡,是人们讨论卡路时是真正用的单位,当提起食物中的热量,人们指的是多少千卡,一千卡,是将一千克水提升1℃所需要的热量
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Now we'll go back further than 10,000 years to talk about the history of food, but in those--but at 10,000 years ago several very important changes happened that have shaped to a great extent what our modern relationship with food is.
让我们回到一万多年前,来讨论饮食史,但是,一万年前,发生了一些很重要的变化,这些变化很大程度上塑造了,现代人类与食物的关系
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Now these parts of the world are shrinking in the number; but let's say you lived in Ethiopia or Somalia, or places where food really is scarce way too much of the time, then having this particular biological drive, having a brain that wants you to seek out these foods would be highly adaptive.
现在这些地区的数量正在减少,但如果你生活在埃塞俄比亚或是索马里,或是当前食品十分短缺的地区,那么拥有这种生物驱动力,拥有不断驱使你去寻找食物的大脑,会让你有极强的适应能力
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But of course, there can be abuse of these when the food industry puts stuff in foods it doesn't really need to be there, and then they overstate the value of them and we'll talk about that, what's reasonable and what's not as we go through the class.
但是,当食品工业在食物中加入了,原本并不需要的成分,并夸大其作用时,自然也会反受其害,随着课程的深入,我们会探讨其中哪些合理,哪些不合理
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The amount of food available is striking, I mean in the period of time I was--since I was a child there are a lot of changes that have occurred, and I mentioned some of this in the last class-- but when I was a child you didn't have rows and rows of food at a drugstore.
现有粮食的数量是惊人的,当我还是小孩的时候,身边就发生了很多变化,我上节课曾提到过一些,在我小的时候,药店里还没有满货架的食品
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It's usually colored because there's food dye in it, but it wouldn't be colored in its natural state.
通常是五颜六色的,因为其中含食用色素,但在自然情况下,它是无色的
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