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If our estimates are off then the hypothesis makes no sense, so maybe there's no relationship between dietary fat and breast cancer.
如果评估是无关联的,那这个假说也就没有意义,那么在膳食脂肪和乳腺癌之间,也许没有任何关系
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An important idea, to be sure, breast cancer a major killer, a major concern to women.
不过可以肯定这样一个重要的理念,乳腺癌是妇女的主要健康杀手和关注焦点
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One of the hypotheses that was being tested in this particular study was that a low-fat diet would reduce a woman's risk for breast cancer.
其中一个,在研究中被检验的假设是,低脂膳食,有助于降低妇女患乳腺癌的风险
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Women became very upset about this and advocacy groups like the breast cancer advocacy groups got involved and really pressured the government to do more studies on women.
女性对此感到很失望,而各类倡议团体,像是乳癌倡议团体开始进行干预,并给政府施压,要求进行更多针对女性的研究
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On one axis you have dietary fat, the other you have how much-- in fact I should have brought the graph but I didn't-- how much breast cancer there is in the society.
其中一个轴是膳食脂肪摄入量,另一个轴是,事实上我应该把图表带来的但没有,社会上的乳腺癌病例数量
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But the hypothesis was based on this association more or less, that looked at the rates of breast cancer across different countries and how much dietary fat those countries consumed and so you get a nice little scatter plot.
但以上假说,多少也基于一些合作研究,看看乳腺癌在不同国家,的发病率,那些国家在饮食中摄入了多少脂肪,然后就会得到一个不错的散点图
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So tens or hundreds of millions of dollars would go into a study like this by the time it was completed, money that could have been used for other things, to test whether eating a low fat diet would reduce risk for breast cancer.
数以百万计的美元,投入到这样的研究,当研究结束时,本可以用来做其他事情的钱,被用来检测是否低脂膳食,可降低患乳腺癌风险
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As I mentioned before is one example on the risk for breast cancer in women, so you'd randomly assign half to following their usual diet, the other half to an intervention program where people are prescribed a low fact diet, given counseling and interventions from dieticians and things, and then you look to see what happens for risk as people go forward in time.
我之前提过,这例子研究的是,女性的乳腺癌发病率,你将随机选择其中一半人按一般习惯饮食,另一半人则参与一个干预计划,其中每人都要食用,由营养学家设计推荐的低脂肪菜单,然后再看随着时间推移,被试者的发病率是怎样变化的
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