The polis is not merely a city state in the same way as,let us say, the Mesopotamian city states of the third millennium B.C. Were.

那就是城邦不仅仅是一座城市,并不是像,我们说的公元前三千年的,美索不达米亚的城市

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Since in historical Greek times, let us say the fifth century B.C., the people who inhabited the Peloponnesus were mainly speakers of the Greek dialect called Doric.

从有历史记载的希腊时期开始,比如说公元前十五世纪,居住于伯罗奔尼撒的人们,是希腊多利安方言的主要使用者

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

The next phrase, B-- is very similar, but here it takes the deviation-- And gets it back-- gets us back to the tonic.

下一乐句,B,与之前非常相似,但从这里偏离,又回来,回到主音

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

There is no writing in Greece from let us say 1100 or so on until the middle of the eighth century B.C., rough date 750 and then the writing that they do have is completely unrelated to the writing that was lost.

没有文字记载的时期是从,公元前一千一百年左右到,公元前八世纪中叶,差不多是公元前七百五十年,而之后他们拥有的文献,就完全与那些遗失的史料脱钩了

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选