So basically we're saying yes, we can go from point a to point c without ever going through point b.
所以我们说的是我们可以从,a点不经过b点而到达c点。
a You know that what will happen is that heat will flow from a to b from b to c and from a to c. That's common-sense.
你知道会发生的是热量从流向,从流向,以及从流向。
You can tell if you're at all experienced with it very easily, if you go--let's say to the year 900 B.C.
而如果你对此比较熟悉的话很容易看出来,如果你去--假定去公元前九百年
So you can think of it, if we were to just think of it as a straight line that we were going across, essentially what we're saying is that we're getting from point a to point c without ever getting through point b.
你们可以来想想看,如我我们把它想成是一条直线,我们要沿着这条线经过,这就是说我们要从a点,不经过b点而到c点。
I mean if you chose Alpha, you're swinging from A to B-; and from Beta, swinging from B+ to C.
要是你选α,你的分数会在A到B-,选β,分数范围会在B+到C
So they began to call this A and this B and this C and this D and this E, this F, this G.
他们开始把这叫做A,B和C,这个是D,E,F,G
I see no Mike Smiths because I'm on page 1 A where the A's simply are so I turn to the B's and the C's S and the D's and so forth and finally I get to the S's but in the worst case I've looked through 1,000 or so pages.
第一页没有找到叫Mike,Smith的人1,因为第一页姓名首字母是,于是我又接着找B,C,D……最终到了字母,但最坏的情况是,我翻了几千页才找到。
So, suppose I tell you to add two vectors, A and B equal to C, and I say, "What's the result of adding A and B?"
假设我告诉你们将两个矢量相加,A + B = C,我问,"A 加 B 结果是什么"
This will generalize to probability of A and B and C equals the probability of A times the probability of B times the probability of C and so on.
简单的说,A和B和C同时发生的概率,等于A发生的概率乘以B发生的概率,乘以C发生的概率,以此类推
But if you think of the time span about 900 to 700 B.C., that is, when these changes are taking place.
但是如果你发现它发生在,大约公元前900年到700年之间时
So let's just compare. Let's compare what C happened in path A to what happened in paths B and C. Yes?
我们比较一下沿,路径A和路径B和,所发生的事有什么不同,什么?
In the years of the Mycenaean period, roughly from 1600 to 1100 or so B.C., you are dealing with a largely unified culture.
在大约公元前一千六百年,至公元前一千一百年,迈锡尼文明时期,你将看到一个高度统一的文化
The first crowd to do stuff like that, you will find, in the fifth century B.C. In Greece is a movement called the Sophistic Movement.
你们会发现第一批做这种事情的人,是在公元后五世纪的希腊人,当时兴起了一种叫诡辩的运动
Let's multiply both sides by 2, I'll get 2q1* is equal to a - c over b - q1*.
等式两边同时乘以2,得到,2q1*=/b-q1
So, let's just arbitrarily put it between these two in this case here, but actually there's no reason we couldn't also put it between oxygen b and c, so I'm going to draw another structure where we have it here.
那么,让我们任意地将它们放在这两个之间,但实际上我们没有理由,不能把它们放在氧原子,B,与,C,之间,因此我将把另外一个结构画在这里。
And the last one in the major pattern is a half step from B to C.
大调模式的最后,是一个从B到C的半音级
This Archaic Period is roughly speaking about 750 B.C.To 500 B.C.
这段"古风时期"大概是,从公元前七百五十年到公元前五百年
So this is a - c over b and this is a - c over 2b so this distance and this distance are meant to be the same.
这点是,/b,这点是,/2b,这两段长度应该是相等的
I personally don't like swings that much and it's the B-/B+ range, so I'd much rather prefer that to a swing from A to C, and that's my reason.
我不喜欢成绩波动很大的,比如B-/B+这个范围,所以我还是喜欢像A到C这样小点的,这就是我的原因
And again, I think these days they tend to down date it by another century or so, so it might be around 1900 B.C.
其实在今天,我认为他们又能把时间再推进,一个世纪左右,即精确到公元前一千九百年左右
The fall of Pylos is generally thought to be around 1200 B.C.; Mycenae itself may be fifty years later, and other places later than that.
人们普遍认为皮洛斯的陨落,大约在公元前一千二百年,迈锡尼城本身也许在五十年以后,其他的地方更晚些
I suppose the first apparently historical event that we know something about is the first Olympic Games, which according to Greek tradition were held in 776 B.C.
我认为第一个已知的重大历史事件,就是第一次奥林匹克运动会,根据希腊人的口头传述,那是发生在公元前七百七十六年
That appears to have taken place about 3000 B.C.
青铜时代大约出现在公元前三千年
There's something to it, because things happened in this period that are revolutionary in the arts, in the thinking of people, philosophy is going to be invented in Miletus probably in this sixth century B.C.
它们确有相似之处,因为这个时期,在艺术上以及思想上,所发生的事件是有革命意义的,大约公元前六世纪,哲学在米利都诞生
Hesiod, whom I have not mentioned to you before, a poet who we think to have lived around 700 B.C., very early in the history of the polis, wrote one of his poems called, Works and Days.
赫西奥德,我之前跟你们提到过的,是一个生活在公元七百年左右的诗人,那还是在城邦历史的初期,创作了一首名为《工作与时日》的诗歌
By that view, the phalanx would have come into being somewhere between about 700 and 650 B.C., which is to say after the earliest poleis are in business, and according to this interpretation, you really have them growing up together.
根据那个观点,方阵是在公元前七百年到,公元前六百五十年间出现的,也就是在最早的城邦形成之后,根据这个说法,这二者是同时发展起来的
There is no writing in Greece from let us say 1100 or so on until the middle of the eighth century B.C., rough date 750 and then the writing that they do have is completely unrelated to the writing that was lost.
没有文字记载的时期是从,公元前一千一百年左右到,公元前八世纪中叶,差不多是公元前七百五十年,而之后他们拥有的文献,就完全与那些遗失的史料脱钩了
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