The physicalist says we don't need to appeal to anything as extravagant as a soul in order to explain the fact that bodies don't just move randomly, but they move in purposeful ways that are controlled.

物理主义认为,我们并不需要诉诸任何,像灵魂那样夸张的东西来解释,为什么肉体不会随机乱动,而是在控制下进行的有目的的活动

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

One is I've been talking as though a person is a combination, kind of a soul and body sandwich.

一点是我已经谈论过的,人是一种组合,有点儿像灵魂和肉体三明治

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

The philosophic city is introduced as a metaphor to help us understand the education of the soul.

哲学之城的导入,是要作为一种隐喻,协助我们了解灵魂的教育。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

She speaks of the necessary unity of body and soul, which for her entails a defense of the body, defending, as she does, its knowledge and its goodness.

她说道身体心灵结合的必要性，这对她来说需要保卫其身体，为身体的知识与美好抗击。

耶鲁公开课 - 现代诗歌课程节选

So even we grant the soul is invisible as well, maybe the soul also is a invisible thing that can be destroyed.

所以即使我们认同灵魂也是无形的，也可能灵魂是无形但是,可以毁灭的东西。

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I feel certain sensations in my body, but it doesn't seem as though I observe a soul.

我能感应到肉体里某些特定的感觉,但我并不认为那样我就能观察到灵魂

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

And so, armed with a soul, as it were, there's at least the possibility of immortality.

因此，拥有一个灵魂，实际上，至少有永生的可能性。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

So that's something there're physicalist can say and for that matter, there is something that a soul--somebody believes in souls could say as well.

物理主义学者可以这么认为,甚至相信灵魂论的,那些人,也可以这么认为。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

After all, even if you believe in a soul, as I have remarked previously, that doesn't give us yet any reason to believe the soul continues to exist after the death of your body.

毕竟,就像我之前说过的,即使灵魂是存在的,那也不能说明,灵魂在肉体死后,仍然能继续存在下去

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

One way of thinking about the metaphor of city and soul together is to think of it as a particular kind of causal hypothesis, about the formation of both individual character and political institutions.

思考城市与灵魂结合的方法,是将其想象成,是一种特别类型的,因果假说，关于形塑,个人性格与政治制度。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

Every day at midnight God destroys the old soul and replaces it with a new soul that has the very same personality as the one before midnight, similar personality,same beliefs,desires,and so forth and so on.

每天午夜上帝都毁掉旧的灵魂,用一个与午夜前相同人格的灵魂代替，相同的人格，相同的信仰和欲望。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

If God replaces my soul every 10 minutes, as long as he does such a way to imprint the very same personality on the soul, it doesn't matter any more than it did matter or not.

若上帝每十分钟改变一次我的灵魂，以此来将同样的人格,装进我的灵魂里，其实这一点根本,无所谓了。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

For my money, I find the beginnings of the scientific explanation sufficiently persuasive and sufficiently compelling that I don't find the argument from near- death experience--as an argument for the existence of a soul-- I don't find it especially persuasive.

在我看来,我觉得这些初步的,科学解释已经足够有说服力,足够令人信服,而从濒死体验的角度,来证明灵魂存在论证,我认为它不是特别有说服力

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But there's a part of us, perhaps the essential part of us, that is something more than the physical, the spiritual, immaterial part of us, which as I say in this class we'll call a soul.

我们身体中有一部分，可能是重要的，比身体重要的，精神上的，非物质的部分，就像我在这里说的灵魂。

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Now, after all, even if you believe that, well, your soul will go to heaven so you won't cease to exist as a person, you might still believe that your body will die.

说到底，即便你相信，自己的灵魂会上天堂,所以作为个人不会死亡，你还是会相信自己的身体是会消亡。

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

And what the physicalist would need to do for each one of those-- For each one of those you can imagine a dualist who says, "We need to believe in a soul so as to explain seances.

对于这些东西,物理主义者该怎么做,对于这些,你可以想到二元论者会说,我们需要相信有灵魂才能解释通灵

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What is true, he seems to suggest, about the restraint over one's passions and desires is true of restraint and control over others, just as he appears to be saying there is a kind of hierarchy within the soul, restraint of the passion.

而事实是他似乎在暗示，克制一个人的激情与欲望,等同克制与控制他人，就像他似乎想说,灵魂之中有种阶级制度，克制激情。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

As I said, we've been considering different kinds of arguments for the existence of a soul, each of which appeals to some feature about us-- our creativity, our ability to feel, the fact that we have a qualitative aspect of experience, our ability to reason-- what have you.

我说过,我们考察了各种各样,证明灵魂存在的论证,每一种都诉诸我们的某种特性,我们的创造性,我们的感知能力,当然还有我们定性方面的经验,我们推理的能力,诸如此类的

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Crucial point, of course, the attraction of the dualist view, from our point of view, is that if there's a soul as well as the body, and the soul is something immaterial, then when the body dies, when we have B1 through Bn and the death of the body occurs.

当然,至关重要的一点,二元论观点的引人之处在于,就我们而言,如果肉体与灵魂同时存在,而且如果灵魂是非物质,那么当肉体死亡的时候,就像之前的B1到Bn的过程,直到肉体死亡

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选