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When you get--this is Rituparna, counting the leaves on a tree-- you can estimate, from a sample, the population expected values.
如果你...像数叶子的睿都巴若那一样,只有部分样本的话,你可以来估计总体均值
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If you go to the course website there is a sample concept sheet that you'll be able to read.
如果大家去课程网站,能看到一份示例,供你们下载阅读
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You've got a sample of it on your handout.
你们手上的讲稿里有一份这首诗。
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One is in the U.S.at the Centers for Disease Control, where there is a sample of variola, which is kept, you know, frozen on ice in a heavily guarded facility.
一个在美国的疾病控制中心,那有一支天花病毒的样本,冰冻后置于重重保护之下
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Covariance is--we'll call it--now we have two random variables, so cov... I'll just talk about it in a sample term.
协方差是...我们有两个随机变量,x和y的协方差是,从样本的角度来说
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So let's do a sample calculation now using this Rydberg formula, and we'll switch back to emission, and the reason that we'll do that is because it would be nice to actually approve what we just saw here and calculate the frequency of one of our lines in the wavelength of one of the lines we saw.
让我们用Rydberg公式,做一个例题，我们回到发射上,这么做是因为这样,可以用我们看到的波长,来验证我们计算的频率。
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Do I go out to Harvard yard and take a random sample ? of sophomores to study meditation?
是不是可以在哈佛大二学生里随机抽样,来研究冥想？
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So what researchers do is they hope to get enough people in a sample, where overall, you hope to be capturing normal intake.
所以研究者做的是,让尽可能多的人群进入样本,总体上你就可以得到正常的摄入量了
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On--this week because the first concept sheet is different than the rest -you were using the Daily Plate Dietary Assessment -we'll send out this week a sample concept sheet.
这周,因为第一周的观点报告,与众不同,你们用了日常饮食评估表,我们这周会下发一个观点报告范例
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The absence of this smaller region tells you that this sample came from a sickle patient.
小片段的缺失就能告诉你,该样本是取自病人的
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You see these headlines from scientific journals, and this is just a small sample.
看这些科学期刊的标题,这只是个很小的例子
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One person might be a little low one day, another person might be high, a lot of people might-- you might happen to have captured them on an average day, but overall it averages out, so you get a representative sample.
一个人可能某一天少吃些,另一个人可能多吃些,很多人都会这样,你可能正好得出人们,平均每天的摄入量,但把它的整体平均一下,就得到有代表性的结果
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And the other thing you can do is take self reports like the ones you're doing, hopefully do enough of them, and a random enough sample of the population, that you can extrapolate from that sample to the whole population, and try to estimate what people are eating in that way.
还有其他可以做的,比如大家正在做的这种个体调查,希望能把它做的充分些,如果有充足的随机样本,就可以从样本推断出,整个总体,从而推断哪类人有这样的饮食习惯
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This is very important,which is why I am doing it: "If we want to know how fast a human being can run, then it is no use to average out the speed of a "good sample" of the population; it is far better to collect Olympic gold medal winners and see how well they can do.
这话非常重要，是我作这个研究的原因：,“如果想知道人类最快能跑多快，那从好的样本中测出平均数是“,没用的;,而应该收集田径类奥运冠军的信息,看他们能跑多快。
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You can also use PCR to identify specific genes that are present in a biological sample.
你也可以利用PCR技术去识别,一个生物样本中的某段特定基因
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