It might be a plasmid that contains a promoter that works in lung cells and that has the cystic fibrosis gene.

这个质粒带有,可以在肺细胞表达的启动子和正常基因

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

You're taking advantage of a promoter system, or a gene activation system, that this species knows about because adult animals can make milk.

我们之所以能利用这个启动子系统,或者称之为可以被这一物种识别的,基因活化系统,是因为成年动物可以泌乳

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

We'll talk more about promoters as they go on, for now let's just assume that we have a promoter that works in this particular cell.

我们以后还会谈到更多有关启动子的知识,而现在就假设这个,特定的宿主细胞里有个启动子

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

It also has to have a promoter for the gene that the cells can recognize.

另外还必须带有,受体细胞能够识别的启动子

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

They put a gene like the insulin gene in place of the milk protein, but behind the promoter that is used to produce milk proteins.

人们将产羊奶蛋白的基因,换成了胰岛素基因,在启动子后面的基因,原本是编码羊奶蛋白的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The promoter in this case is called the lac promoter and normally in micro-organisms that lac promoter is used to produce a gene called lacZ which makes a protein called beta-galactosidase.

在这个例子中的启动子称作lac启动子,通常在微生物中,lac启动子是用来生成,一段叫lacZ的基因,这段基因,能制造一种蛋白叫β-半乳糖苷酶

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

In this case the promoter, which is a sequence of DNA that is positioned right in front of the gene of interest, the promoter is the betagalactoglobulin promoter in this case, and betagalactoglobulin is a milk protein.

这里涉及到的启动子,也是一段DNA序列,它必须刚好位于目的基因序列前端,我们用到的是β-乳球蛋白启动子,β-乳球蛋白是乳汁中的一种蛋白

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选