And so instead of defining efficiency the way you've got it written there, I'm going to define what's called something different for a refrigerator which is called the coefficient of performance.

现在我们不用,效率的那个定义，我给出一个,有关制冷机的,新的定义,叫做制冷系数。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And then the repulsive term, some positive coefficient r and r to a very high number.

然后排斥力，一些正系数,以及具有很大数值的。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

This is real, unlike the Joule coefficient which is very small so that most gases have tiny Joule coefficients. So if you do a Joule experiment, you hardly measure a temperature change. With real gases, here you do actually measure it. You can feel it with your finger on your bicycle tire.

系数那样小以至于,大多数气体的焦耳系数,都很小，所以如果你做焦耳实验,很难测量出温度的变化,对于真实气体，你可以测量它，你能通过手指按在,自行车轮胎上来感觉到它。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选