What we've written is a whole step, so we've got to indicate that this is just a half step away in that fashion, D to E-flat.

而这里写的是一个全音级,所以我们要在这里标出,从D到降E只有半音级

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

Okay, I need, now, a whole step above A-flat.

好了,降A后是一个全音级

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选