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OK, so what we have to do is get back underneath this reaction, and see what the molar quantities are.
我们应该做的是,再回到这个反应，看看摩尔量是多少。
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You have extensive properties and intensive properties The extensive properties are the ones that scale with the size of the system.
广延量,和强度量,广延量的值,随着系统的规模变化。
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It can mean a measuring rod. And so it comes to be a list that accounts as authoritative in early Christianity.
量杆的意思，所以它是一列书目,它在早期基督教里是权威的。
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And so now, you have two threads so to speak, two miniature programs, two sprites all interacting with one another.
现在我们有两个线程，两个轻量型程序，两个精灵在沟通。
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But, the reaction says I need twice as much mag as tickle if this reaction is going to go to completion.
但是这个反应告诉我们,镁的量应该是四氯化钛的两倍,如果要反应完全的话。
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So we're going to feel a higher z effective in the case of the ion compared to the neutral atom.
因此，我们在离子中,会比在中性原子中感受到更高的有效核电量。
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Cut the problem in half. Cut the problem in half again. And that's a typical characterization of a log algorithm.
是每次除以特定的量,将问题减一半，再减一半,如此，这就是对数算法的典型特性。
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Here's my last slide The National Association of Homebuilders surveys its membership to ask them what is the traffic of homebuyers?
最后一张幻灯片,全美房屋建造协会调查了它的成员,询问他们购房者参观量的情况
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Then once you've got those two numbers, they're no longer free parameters; they're concrete numbers, maybe 5 and 9.
一旦你知道这两个量,它们就不再是自由参量了,它们是具体的数值,可能是5或9
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You regulate your breathing rate in order to accomplish that and we'll talk about this in a couple of weeks.
人们调节呼吸的频率来获得足量的氧气,我们过几周会讲到这方面内容
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We'll talk specifically about how many calories people are consuming in liquid form which has gone way, way up.
我们将具体谈论人们从饮料中,摄取的卡路里量,这个数字直线上升
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So this will be total quantity of goods produced by Firm 1 and goods produced by Firm 2 that are consumed.
所以它量表示,公司1和公司2,所生产出的,能被市场消耗的产品总量
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At the time of the IPO, Baidu had about 40% of the traffic share in China for Chinese search.
当百度IPO上市的时候，百度占据了,中国40%的中文搜索量。
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That is, most processes that we're concerned with, they'll happen with something held constant like pressure or temperature or maybe volume.
这句话是说我们所关注的大部分过程，发生的时候都是保持某个量为常数,比如压强，温度或者体积。
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However, the thing to remember is, when you look at heats of reaction under those conditions it's all well and good.
相反，需要记住，当你需要知道反应中放出的热量时,这些量是很有用的。
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And we saw that in fact in this case delta S of mixing, we calculated it, saw that it is positive.
实际上如果我们计算气体混合过程中,熵的变化，我们会发现这个量是正的。
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And if you want to run a furnace and provide energy that's an extremely important thing to be able to calculate.
如果你点燃壁炉，提供能量,计算这个量,是非常重要的。
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So what we're going to see is less shielding, which means that it will actually feel a higher z effective.
那么我们将会看到更少的屏蔽，这意味着将会感受到更大的有效核电量。
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So, if we think about the second case here where we have c n minus, now we're talking about a molecule with a net charge of negative 1.
那么，如果我们考虑的是第二个例子,也就是氰离子，那么现在我们讨论的是一个净电荷量为负一的分子。
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I'm trying to write these two unknowns in terms of these two knowns and you can solve for them.
我会试着将这两个未知量,用这两个已知量表示出来 这样你们就可以求了
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But here, for example, the idea is to make many copies of a protein for use as a pharmaceutical.
不过这里,举例来说,这个构想是把蛋白质作为药物来量产
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Clearly, if I did nothing more, but I took every car, doubled its fuel economy, its emissions would go to 50% of what they are now, no other changes being made.
显然，如果我什么也不做，但是我把没量车的汽油价加倍，汽车废气排放量就会是现在的一半了，别的不会有什么改变。
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And indeed it is the case that the price of the stock the amount of move, tends to be proportional to the price of the stock.
实际上它就是股票的价格,移动量，它们都倾向于和股票价格成正比。
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So now I have my first of my two slopes, in terms of something that's related to my system the heat capacity of the system.
好，我们现在得到了，两个微分式中的一个,它等于与系统密切相关的一个量。
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So it's a measure of how well we can do to run the refrigerator.
这是衡量,我们运行制冷机的一个量。
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I draw a graph here of the amount by which I pull the spring versus the force it exerts.
我在这里画个图,纵轴是弹簧的拉伸量,横轴是力的大小
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If we have a higher z effective, it's pulled in tighter, we have to put in more energy in order to eject an electron, so it turns out that that's why case 2 is actually the lowest energy that we need to put in.
而如果有效核电量更高，原子核的束缚也就更紧，我们不得不输入更多的能量来打出一个电子，这就是第二种情况,所需要输入的,能量更少的原因。
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It turns out, and we're going to get the idea of shielding, so it's not going to actually +18 feel that full plus 18, but it'll feel a whole lot more than it will just feel in terms of a hydrogen atom where we only have a nuclear charge of one.
结果是我们会有,屏蔽的想法,所以它不会是完整的，但是它会比原子核电荷量,吸引力要大很多,只有1的氢原子的。
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The z effective is lower, so we have to put less energy in to get an ion out.
它的有效核电量更低，所以我们只需要更少的能量就能打出一个离子。
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How do we go from that experiment to H the terms that we're trying to get, these slopes.
我们怎样从实验得到我们想要的量？,记住，我们想要得到Δ
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