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We need to think that the actions in the story were in some way free and absolutely, perfectly undetermined.
得让读者以为故事中角色的所作所为某种程度上,都是自由的，完全不是事先确定的。
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And, a lot of the derivations you will see in physics rely on this being able to model as point charges.
然后，你在物理学中看到的许多东西,都是靠以点电荷为模型得到的。
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And so for the three years that I was in the residential colleges, my closest friends on the whole were faculty or were .
因此，那三年来,我住在住宿学院中，总体说来，我最好的朋友,都是教员或一些研究生们。
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The reason for that is because all of this is connected, so we're moving electrons everywhere in the system.
这个现象的原因是因为,它们全部都是连接起来的，所以在这个系统中,电子移动到所有地方。
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So, for a lot of aspects of your life you only get feedback when you're good, when you do something good.
在你生活中很多时候，通常你收到评价,都是你做得好，或者你做了好事时。
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These are physical knobs that are available us as experimentalists. And so when we turn these knobs on our system, we want to know how the enthalpy is changing for that system.
这些都是我们做实验可,以得到的物理变量,所以当我们在系统中,改变这些量的时候。
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Any genuinely new trend is a knight's move. I just remind you, in chess the knight doesn't move in a straight line.
所以，任何新趋势都是迂回前进，我只是提醒大家一下，在国际象棋中马是不走直线的。
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We hand you a bunch of programming code that we wrote because this is very much the norm in the real world.
我们给你们一些我们自己写的代码,因为在现实世界中这都是非常正常的。
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And once you start to see this, we realize, of course, our life is filled with this aspect.
一旦明白了这一点,我们就会发现,生活中处处都是这种体验
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In fact you do not have to kill any animals for this kind of research because we do everything in a test tube.
其实，做这种研究,你根本用不着杀害任何动物,因为试验都是在试管中进行的。
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All of these we'll have to be thinking about as we listen to music in this course.
所有这些都是我们在上这门课程中,聆听音乐时需要思考的
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The only history that you would have had fifteen years ago would have been those funds that produced great returns, so it's all identified after the fact.
你只会看到在这15年的历史数据中,所有对冲基金都有着极佳的回报,这都是事后调整确认的
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Assuming these numbers are true, what jumps out at you from this picture?
假设这些数字都是真实准确的,你能从这张图中看出什么
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And again, there are no tricky foods, these are all pretty common things.
强调下,实验中没有难以估量的食物,都是很常见的
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Humans are collections of cells, all cells are the same in important ways, but cells acquire differences during development, and so we are collections of billions of cells.
人类是一个细胞的集合,细胞在关键方面都是一致的,但在发育中细胞获得了不同的特点,而我们是一个数以十亿计的细胞的集合
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All tended to have a high slave-to-free ratio of population.
人口中奴隶所占的比例 都是非常高的
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So, anybody by the time history dawns, who lives in the peninsula that is Attica, is Athenian, even if he lives in a village or a good size town sixty miles away; he is still an Athenian.
因此在有文字记载的历史开始出现时,阿提卡半岛的居民就都是雅典人了,哪怕他住在六十英里外的一个小村庄,或者相对较大的城镇中,他仍是雅典人
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You can also hear Satan's critique of the tyranny of heaven in this account of the rhyme as well. Like kingship, rhyme is a custom.
在这关于押韵的一段话中也可隐约听到,撒旦对上帝独裁的批判，押韵同王权一样都是惯例。
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These new thirteenth century settlements, however, are in their material culture, that is to say their pots and their jars and their houses, entirely Canaanite.
然而这是十三世纪的新定居点，这是在他们的物质文化中，也就是说,他们的锅，陶罐和房屋都是迦南式的。
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So we can think about something I mentioned last time, which is when we're thinking about chemistry and what's really interesting in terms of chemical reactions, it's mostly valence electrons we're talking about, those are the ones that tend to be involved in chemical reactions.
我们可以考虑一下我上次提到过的一件事，那就是如果我们讨论化学,以及什么是化学反应中,真正令人感兴趣的东西，我们讨论的几乎都是价电子，它们才是在化学反应中,真正起作用的部分。
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So, there's more detail on your syllabus -- a detail of what we'll cover every day, but these are the kind of basic things that were covering, and you don't need to write this down, you'll become familiar with it as the semester goes on.
这在你们的教学大纲上写得更详细-,包括我们每次上课的内容，这些东西都是我们会遇到的最基本的问题，你们现在不需要记，在这个学期中，你们会慢慢熟悉起来。
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Often 90% of the game is discovering a clever method through which to test your hypotheses.
研究中90%的内容通常都是在寻找,一种能够检验假说的精巧方法
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In ordinary cases you have the same souls, same body, same personality, same person.
普通案例中都是同样的灵魂，同样的肉体，人格，所以是同样的人。
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Because these things are unpaired, we have already seen how unpaired electrons play a role in the Stern-Gerlach experiment.
因为它们都是未成对的，我们已经发现,在Stern-Gerlach实验中,未成对电子扮演怎样一个角色了。
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It rankles, but on the other hand, these regulations survive because the reality is that people are victimized all the time and we can't just allow companies to act in secrecy.
这让人不爽,但是从另一个角度,金融监管制度之所以长期存在,是因为现实中,大众一直都是牺牲品,我们不能任由那些公司在幕后操纵
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A lot of interesting reasons, we've all heard the topic-- the word chocoholic, sugar addict, we hear the words withdrawal and things and that becomes an interesting part of the biology of food.
值得思考的原因有很多,我们都听过这样的词汇,巧克力成瘾,糖果成瘾,还有戒断反应之类的词,这都是食品生物学中有趣的部分
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One of the beautiful things about antibodies is that one your immune system is able to make antibodies against all the thousands, ten thousand, hundred thousand different pathogens that you'll come into contact with in your lifetime.
抗体的一个绝妙之处就在于,你的免疫系统可以分泌抗体来对抗,成千上万的 甚至数以十万计不同病原体,这些病原体都是你一生中可能会遇到的
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