So if we have a negative change in energy for any reaction as it's written, what that actually means is we're giving off energy as the reaction proceeds.

如果我们像这里写的这样,在任何一个反应过后，得，到的能量变化为负值,这就意味着我们在这个过程中放出了能量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And we haven't talked about reactions at all yet, so you don't need to worry about the specifics of that exactly, but just that if you have this negative change in energy, you have a more stable product than you do reactant.

当然我们还没有开始讨论反应，所以你不用担心它的细节是怎么样的，你只需要知道，如果能量的变化是负值，那么你将得到一个比反应物更稳定的生成物。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Hess' Law states that for any chemical reaction, the energy change is path independent.

盖斯定律表明，对于任意化学反应，能量变化并非是路径依赖的。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

Energy means, you know, chemical reactions happen, and you end up with something that might be exothermic, that is, the products are more stable then the reactants.

能量表明，当反应发生之后，你最终会得到放热的产物，换句话说就是产物比反应物更稳定。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

That's amazing, you can get atoms to smash atoms and create a chain reaction and create power-- that's a pretty amazing invention.

很惊人，你可以利用原子去做加速粒子,并产生连锁反应，然后创造能量-,那是个十分惊人的发明。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

That is to say I can now reroute that sodium plus chlorine reaction and go a different way, but I still end up with the same change in energy.

也就是说，我可以重新定义一种,钠与氯的反应途径,从另一种途径来实现反应，但是能量的变化过程相同。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

Energy may be favoring reaction in one direction, toward let's say products that have lower energy.

能量上的变化可能支持反应，向着产物具有更低能量的方向进行。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So, in other words, this c l minus is actually lower in energy than the reactants were.

也就是说，负一价氯离子,比原来的反应物的能量更低。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

this happens spontaneously, you actually get energy out of the reaction as this happens.

这是自发的，当反应发生的时候,你会自发地放出能量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, we were talking, however, about energy in terms of electron affinity, so we can actually relate electron affinity to any reaction by saying if we have this reaction written as here where we're gaining an electron, we say that electron affinity is just equal to the negative of that change in energy.

但是，我们现在讨论的能量,是电子亲和能，因，此我们可以将电子亲和能,与任何反应联系起来,只要我们将反应写成这种得到电子的形式，我们说电子亲和能就等于,反应前后能量变化的负值。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So what we'll end up with is boron plus, 1 s 2 2 s 2 1 s 2, 2 s 2, E and what we say is the delta energy or the change in energy as the same thing as saying the energy of the products minus the energy of our reactant here, that's how much energy we have to put into the system to eject an electron.

所以结果应该是正一价的硼，电子排布为，我们说，Δ,也就是，E，的变化量,等于生成物的能量,减去反应物的能量，这就是我们从这个系统中,打出一个电子所需要的能量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选