So again, we should be able to check all of our formal charges and make sure they add up to 0, which they do, and that makes sense, because we have a neutral atom in terms of thionyl chloride.

因此同样地，我们可以检验一下,我们所有的形式电荷是否正确,确保它们加起来等于零，而它们确实是这样，这是合理的，因为亚硫酰氯是一个中性原子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

If we look at our last structure here where we have nitrogen the middle, we can also figure out all those formal charges, and in this case we have plus 1 on the nitrogen, we have minus 2 on the carbon, and then we end up with a 0 on the sulfur there.

如果我们来看看最后一个结构,在中间的原子是氮，我们同样可以计算出所有的形式电荷，而在这种情况下，氮为正一，碳为负二，而最后硫为零。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

There's no change in them, and then we also looked at some at non-state functions, work and heat, and saw that those aren't zero going around a cycle. Of course you can do work in a cyclic process, and heat can be exchanged with the environment at the same time.

它们不会有变化，然后我们研究了,一些非态函数，功和热量，并看到,沿着循环行进一周的话,它们并不是零，当然你可以在,一个循环过程中做功，而同时热量可以在系统,与外界环境之间进行交换。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

I am going to say if that electron is to stay in its orbit, that is to say it doesn't flee the atom, it doesn't collapse under the nucleus then the sum of the forces on the electron must be zero No net force. And so that will be the sum of a dynamic force plus an electrostatic.

如果电子会保持在它的轨道上运行,既不脱离原子的话，它就不会由于原子核对它的吸引力而被瓦解掉,电子所受的合力一定为零,由于没有合力,所以电子所受力为动态力和静电力的总和。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

Here's heat exchanged in pathway A and in pathway B heat is zero, and in pathway C, Cv here is qC it's Cv T1 minus T2.

这是qA，这是路径A上的热量交换,路径B中的热量交换是零，而在路径C中，这是qC，它是。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选