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One of our folks reminded me, Microsoft was started and Apple was started during kind of a recessionary period.
我们的一位同事提醒过我，微软和苹果都是在,经济衰退期成立的。
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with the economic downturn in recent times, it certainly does, you know, look not so encouraging,
近期的经济衰退让境况看起来没那么振奋人心，
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It's contracting so the Fed is trying to prevent a serious recession by cutting interest rates; they've been cutting them rapidly.
它在减小,所以美联储正在试图阻止一个因为利率缩减,而产生的严重的经济衰退；,但是他们最近一直在降低利率。
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That's why when we officially entered the recession or the challenging situation caused by the financial crisis, I keep asking myself, "What should we do?"
由于金融危机而导致的经济衰退,使得公司处于困境，我一直自问，我们能做些什么？
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When Bush 41 talked about the economy, that was the beginning of the downward spiral.
老布什谈论经济的时候，是经济衰退的开始。
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Now, for a long time in American scholarship and in American classrooms one of the deep mythologies about this whole story of the era of the American Civil War in the Old South is that the Old South's plantation economy was dying out.
在很长的一段时间中,美国学术界和美国课堂,对于这个时代内战前的南方历史,存有一个疑点,就是当时南方的种植园经济正在逐渐衰退
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I think there's a simple story which is very different from what's causing the current apparently current recession.
我认为这里有一个简单的故事，一个不同于,现在的经济衰退的故事，导致现在这个危机。
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That index is now way below the lowest that it got in the 2001 recession.
这个指数现在正低于,2001年经济衰退时最低的指数。
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We've had other economic problems that have led to recessions but it hasn't seemed to be something as potentially global as it is now.
我们经历过其他导致经济衰退的,经济问题，但是这些都不是,像现在这样全球化的问题。
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Anyway this recession has been a model for what happens in recessions.
不论如何，这个经济衰退给,衰退中发生的事情做了个例子。
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Then we saw the 2001 recession; that recession again is different.
之后，我们经历了2001年的经济衰退；,那个衰退还是与这次不同。
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The National Bureau of Economic Research, who announces recession dates, hasn't announced yet whether there's a recession, so we'll probably find out in a few more months whether we're already in a recession.
美国国家经济研究局,公布了与衰退相关的数据,但该局目前仍未表态经济是否已陷入衰退,预计要再等几个月才能知晓,是否我们已身陷衰退
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What's happened actually if we base it in the last 25 years since the early '80s We've just had two recessions and they've been very mild by historical standards and...two--now three long expansions in between.
实际上是什么情况呢,80年代初期以来，这25年当中,我们只经历过两次经济衰退,而且在历史上算是相对轻微的,其间则是两，三次长时间的经济增长。
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Now the other point here is that "the definition" of recession seems to be evolving... What you gave... -Didn't I give the statement that ? you gave this to your students what I just gave, right?
关键还在于,对于经济衰退的定义尚无定论。,你刚才给的版本。。。，-难道我的陈述,你教给学生的也是这个版本吧？
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But then the U.S. crashed into a huge well actually it was as worldwide recession of 1981-2.This was the biggest recession since The Great Depression.
但是之后，美国卷进了一个巨大的,事实上，是个世界范围内的经济衰退,于1981-1982年，这是自从大萧条以来,最严重的一次经济衰退。
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All that kind of thing might put this economy into a recession.
所有的事情最终会导致经济衰退
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I have it shown with the--the vertical lines on this chart indicate recessions and this shows--this is from 1948 to 2007 and every recession that we've had since 1948 is shown.
我用图中的这些垂直的线表示,从1948年至2007年的经济衰退,从1948年以来的每一次衰退
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Then that brings us to the 2008 recession.
之后，那次危机导致了08年的经济衰退。
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Subsequent recessions were not like that.
随后的经济衰退并不像它那样。
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This is different than other recessions.
这与其他的经济衰退不一样。
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What caused it? It was caused maybe it's oversimplifying it it was caused by a change in our resolve to let's get inflation under control - and a willingness to accept the recession to stop the advance of inflation.
是什么引发了它,它是因为-也许过分的单纯化它,它是由于一个为了,让我们将通货膨胀控制在手中的解决方案,和一个接受经济衰退的愿望,结束通货膨胀的继续上涨所导致的。
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Central banks around this time I think it was under the leadership of Paul Volker who was the Federal Reserve Chairman they raised interest rates to kill inflation and they threw the world into a huge recession.
在这个时期，中央银行,我认为正处于保罗？沃尔克的领导之下,保罗是美联储的主席,他们提升了利率来抵制通货膨胀,然而却将整个世界都卷入了一场巨大的经济衰退。
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And now maybe...now I've just heard that maybe one of those two recessions wasn't even a classic recession at all So the question is 1890 to 1945 on the one hand, 1983 to the present on the other, does that tell us that ? we've gotten better at government interventions?
那么现在也许。。。就你们刚才所说,其中一次所谓的衰退也许,根本不能算是典型的经济衰退了,那么问题在于，从1890年到1945年，以及1983年至今的经济状况，是否说明,政府对经济的干预是有利的？
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The idea that emerged the memory of the '81-82 recession is very strong in our imagination because we think that it was caused by lax monetary policy by liberal thinking by the soft-hearted liberals who just didn't want to create any pain and suffering.
出现的观点,在我们的想象中,81-82年的经济衰退很严重,因为我们认为它是由于,松懈的货币政策，不拘一格的思想,那些仁慈的不想制造任何痛苦和疲劳的,自由主义者引发的。
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We saw a collapse in real estate prices after 1990 and a recession in 1991, so it was the big story of the 1980s.
我们目睹了1990年后房价暴跌,以及1991年的经济衰退,这就是20世纪80年代的重大事件
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And so the whole definition of what a recession is is evolving and... we could be in a similar kind of situation where job...number of jobs goes up or down and maybe output doesn't.
因此，经济衰退的完整定义,不是一成不变的。,有时可能出现这种情况,失业率也会上升或下降,而国民产量并无波动。
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It's at the level almost down to the lowest that we got in the 1990-91 recession.
它正处在这个水平上,几乎是1990-91经济衰退时最低的水平。
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I think the 2001--if you want to have a story about it the 2001 recession was caused by the end of the stock market boom.
我认为2001年-如果你想听听它的故事,2001年的经济衰退时由于,股票市场繁荣昌盛的结束引发的。
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The Federal Funds Rate was recently cut to 2.25% and it's expected to be cut further because of the recession that we're now apparently in.
联邦资金利率最近被,缩减到2。25%，并且仍被认为要缩减,原因就在于我们现在历经的经济衰退。
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In response to the subprime crisis that we are now in, our central bank, the Federal Reserve, has been cutting interest rates aggressively to try to save the economy that appears to be declining.
为了积极应对,目前的次贷危机,我们的中央银行,也就是美联储,已经调低利率,来积极地拯救正在衰退的经济
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