So I think this question is very much related to your first one about how we mistake what success really means.
我觉得这个问题与,你的第一个问题紧密相连,就是“我们对于成功的错误理解“
I mean, the other side of the problem is that the United States, at least I think,
我的意思是,问题的另一个方面是美国,至少我觉得,
I first had a list of size 8, then 4, then 2, but then I had another problem of size 2.
首先是一个有8个元素的序列,接着变成了4个元素,接着2个元素,然后我就碰到了有2个元素的另一个问题。
That is to say, maybe the most central and, for me, possibly the most fascinating question theory asks is well, what is literature?
对我而言,理论提出的最核心,也许是最有趣的一个问题是,文学是什么?
And the obvious question I could start with is, and suppose I ask you, how long does the algorithm implemented by this program take to run?
我开始这个话题的第一个问题是,假设我问你,由这个算法实现的程序大概,要运行多久才能给出答案?
A big problem with this is a lot of Freudian theory is claimed to be validated in the course of psychoanalysis.
这里存在的一个大问题便是,精神分析理论中的很多内容,被认为是能够在精神分析的过程中,得到证实的。
Here, the problem is solved by injecting it directly into the cell, shown here, and then that's one issue with gene delivery.
现在,这个问题已经通过,将其直接注入细胞的方法解决了,图上这里,这只解决了基因输送的一个问题
Before we get to suicide, you might say, the question that's going to entertain us for the remaining few weeks is this.
在我讲到自杀之前,你可能会说,剩下几个星期里让我们有兴趣的,问题是这样一个问题。
If someone was telling you this story, is that the first question you would ask? So did she have a precursor? No, probably not. Okay.
如果有人告诉你们这个故事,这会是你们,问的第一个问题吗,可能不是,好的。
I want to say something about a particular interest of mine because it is part of this course, although not the entire course.
下面我想谈谈,我特别感兴趣的一个问题,因为这也是这门课的一部分,虽然不是这门课的全部内容
So we know how prices are set, they're set by the firms, so the next question is where do the quantities come from?
现在我们知道了价格是怎么决定的,它们是由公司决定的,下一个问题是产量怎样得到
The one problem that we run into is as we go to more and more atoms on the table, as we add on electrons, the Schrodinger equation is going to get more complicated.
我们将会遇到的一个问题,是当我们处理周期表中越来越多的原子时,当我们增加了电子,薛定谔方程,变得愈加复杂。
We're going to take up this question initially of it's an old, old, old American question how peculiar, or distinctive, or different is the American South?
我们要继续探讨一个问题,一个十分古老的美国问题,美国南方究竟多么特殊,多么与众不同
Just a small question for us to start with.
就当是开头的一个小问题吧。
The extent to which Milton succeeds in justifying such a God in Paradise Lost will be, of course, one of the questions that we will be exploring over the next couple of weeks. So You will read for Wednesday's class the first two books of Paradise Lost.
在失乐园中弥尔顿成功地证实了,这样一个上帝,扩展出了一个我们下几周要研究的一个问题,所以在周三前阅读失乐园的前两部。
The other threat is eonomic, and all the economic issues are tied in my judgement, to the same core problem which is the long-term fiscal challenge that this country faces.
另一个威胁是经济方面的,我认为所有的经济问题,都和一个核心的问题分不开,就是我们国家面临的,长期财政挑战。
So hermeneutics will be our first topic, and it attempts to answer the last question that I've mentioned which is raised by theory of literature.
所以诠释学,是我们的第一个话题,它试图回答的是我在探讨文学理论时提出的最后一个问题。
Well, this is a problem that we have solved and will solve in the weeks to come. See you Monday.
嗯,这是我们解决了的一个问题,并且将在接下来几周来解决这个问题,下周一再见。
Linear algorithms tend to be things where, at one pass-through, you reduce the problem by a constant amount by one. If you reduce it by two, 1 it's going to be the same thing.
有问题么?,线性复杂度的算法,当进行了一个,常量级步数的操作的时候,将问题的规模缩小了一个。
AIDS is a tremendous problem, deaths from HIV infection and AIDS a tremendous problem in Africa and other parts of the world.
艾滋病是一个巨大的问题,在非洲和世界其他地方,艾滋病毒感染和艾滋病带来的死亡,是一个巨大的问题
That is to say, he is in a certain sense book- and language-determined, and he's obscurely aware that this is his problem even as it's a source of pride for him.
意思就是,某种程度上他的意志是由书籍和语言决定的,他也模模糊糊地明白即便这是他引以为豪的,同时也是他的一个问题。
Now. You might look at that and say, well that's just a lot like what we had over here Right? We had some additive constant plus a simpler version of the same problem reduced in size by 1.
现在你可能会看着这个说,这很像我们以前做过的,对不对?我们用一些附加的常量,加上问题的另外一个规模缩小了1的,简化版本来代替这个问题本身。
For a couple of reasons. In some ways, this would be nicer, do expected cases, it's going to tell you on average how much you expect to take, but it tends to be hard to compute, because to compute that, you have to know a distribution on input.
关注最快的情况,在某种意义上来说,因为一些原因这样想挺不错的,当我们处理一个给定的问题,计算平均时间的时候,是很难计算的,因为你并不知道输入的分布情况,这些输入会是怎么样的呢?
Now Descartes, you remember, in his Meditations begins by asking a series of questions about how we can know anything, and one of the skeptical questions he asks is, "Well, might I not be crazy?"
大家应该记得,在《沉思录》的开头,笛卡尔问了一系列,关于我们如何知道一切的问题,其中的一个问题是,我可能疯了?
The other thing that I want to say about Modigliani and Miller is about corporate debt.
我想讲的另一个问题是,莫迪利阿尼和米勒还谈到了公司债务
.. He said that we should think of-- When we think about distributional justice we can think of it as a risk management problem.
他说我们应该考虑这种做法-,在思考分配的公平问题时,可以把它看作一个风险管理的问题。
The last thing I want to talk about today is control of gene expression.
今天我们要讨论的最后一个问题,是基因表达的调控
So we're asking the metaphysical question: What kind of a thing is a person?
所以我们在讨论的是一个哲学问题,人是一种什么样的东西
Piaget was really big into question and answer, but one problem with this is that children aren't very good with language, and this might lead you to underestimate how much they know.
皮亚杰非常热衷用问与答的方法进行研究,但这里存在的一个问题便是,儿童并未能完全掌握语言,这可能会导致你低估他们的理解能力
A second problem is what I was talking about immediately before this is some of our data are misleading so we get a lot of the information about the world from the media.
刻板印象的另一个问题是,我刚才就讲了,我们接收到的有些信息是误导人的,我们能接收到这个世界很多信息,从媒体上接收到。
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