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Life has only recently got better for hard of hearing patients with the development of modern hearing aids and cochlear implants.
直到近年来,随着现代助听以及耳蜗植入设备的开发,听力障碍病人的生活才有了改善,不过，有了新技术。
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But it can be acquired in the air, from patients that are from- from other individuals that are infected.
天花会通过空气传播,通过病人和其他感染者呼出的空气传播
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Damasio tells a case of one of his patients who was under the pseudonym here of Elliot.
达马西奥讲了一个他病人的例子,这里化名为埃利奥特。
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I have a patient in cardiac arrest and we're going to St. John's Mercy.
我这里有个心脏停跳的病人,我们正在去医院的路上。
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Now how it might be able to offer some quality of life improvement for these patients.
现在，我们如何帮助这些病人,提高他们的生活质量。
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This time you're a doctor in an emergency room and six patients come to you.
这次你是一名急诊室的医生,有天送来了六个病人。
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He was at his dentist and they used to give gold fillings in those days.
他在他牙医的诊所,并且他们曾经常常给病人补金牙。
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Transfer the entire brain,the patient wakes up.
移植整个大脑的时候，病人就会苏醒。
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You can keep people alive for many decades with periodic dialysis to remove waste products from the blood.
通过周期性的透析除去血液中的代谢废物,可以使病人寿命延长几十年
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I mean the problem is, say, Freud says to a patient, " Freud says, "I'm right."
问题是，比如，弗洛伊德对病人说，弗洛伊德就会说，“我是对的“
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The other is that it's possible to get stem cells from patients, from bone marrow.
另外一个原因就是从病人的骨髓中,取得干细胞是可行的
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With it also being in mind that we can also help less disabled people, still severely disabled, for example with arm amputation, but perhaps less so.
同时，我们想我们也能够帮助到,那些伤残程度不像他们这么严重，但是也属于较重伤残的病人，比如胳膊被截肢，或者稍微轻微一些的病人。
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There's other disorders of language such as receptive aphasia where the person could speak very fluently but the words don't make any sense and they can't understand anybody else.
还有其他的语言障碍,诸如,接收性失语症,患有这种病的病人,语言流畅,但所讲话语没有任何意义,而他们也无法理解别人的话语
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Five of them sustain moderate injuries, one is severely injured, you could spend all day caring for the one severely injured victim but in that time, the five would die.
其中五人伤势不算严重，另外一人受重伤，你可以花上一整天时间,来医治这一名受重伤的病人,但那另外五个病人就会死。
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It turns out that blood within the umbilical cord is also a rich source of stem cells and again specific to a particular patient.
研究发现脐带血中,也有丰富的干细胞资源,并且对一些特殊的病人有特别的意义
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This process, I said, this ancient process of taking scabs from patients and introducing them to people you wanted to protect, was called variolation.
这个过程,我想,这个从病人身上取痂,接种到你想保护的人身上的古老过程,叫做天花接种
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The absence of this smaller region tells you that this sample came from a sickle patient.
小片段的缺失就能告诉你,该样本是取自病人的
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And you can use this tissue engineered skin to treat a patient who's had severe burns, for example, or a diabetic who's developed ulcers that won't heal.
人们能够用这种组织工程学意义上的皮肤,来治疗严重烧伤的病人,或那些溃疡久治不愈的糖尿病病人
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And I've already given you some clues about this, in that this process of vaccination that Jenner had developed was intentionally injecting into healthy patients, a microorganism.
我刚刚已经向你们提示了一些,在詹纳发明的接种过程里,故意把微生物注射到健康病人身上
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Transfer one hemisphere,the patient wakes up.
移植一个半脑的时候，病人也会醒来。
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The patient--Freud says, "You hate your mother," and the patient says, "No, I don't.
又比如，弗洛伊德说，“你憎恨你的妈妈“，然后病人答道，“我才没有。
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Fungi which don't often cause infections in people with healthy immune systems but can under some circumstances, and can be tremendous problems in patients that have weakened immune systems.
真菌在免疫系统健康的情况下通常,不引起感染,但在某些情况下也会感染,那就成了极大的问题,在免疫系统脆弱的病人体内
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But I would primarily focus on this emerging new class of prostheses that aims to read information out of the brain to help some of the most paralyzed patients.
但是，开始我想重点介绍这一新兴的脑接口,旨在解读大脑外部的信息,帮助严重瘫痪的病人。
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It's another example of Biomedical Engineering technology that allows us to look at what's happening inside an individual, a patient, in a totally different way than we were before.
这不失为是生物医学工程的另一个例子,它让我们以一种全新的方式,得以了解,病人身体内部发生了什么
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You see a bleep going across the screen to indicate that they've got their finger on the pulse of what's happening, or you see it in TV shows like ER.
你们看到一个亮点在屏幕上来回跳动,来显示病人脉搏的,跳动情况,就像在急诊室的故事,这类电视中看到的那样
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Arthroscopic surgery in one sense is a fancy example of that, a way of looking inside a joint to see what's happening inside while the person is alive and without hurting them.
关节镜手术就是一个极佳的例子,使用该技术我们可以一窥关节内部,而不影响病人的生命,也不会过分痛苦
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Dialysis is done millions of times per day in this country and around the world, and keeps people alive when their kidneys have failed and they wouldn't survive for even a week without dialysis.
在美国乃至全世界,每天进行着上百万次的透析,肾脏丧失功能的病人靠透析得以存活,如果没有透析他们活不过一个星期
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If smallpox occurred in your community, about 30 percent of the people that acquire the disease would die from it; the other 70 percent could be disabled or permanently disfigured as a result of the disease.
如果你周围有人得了天花的话,那么百分之三十的天花病人,会因此死亡,剩下的百分之七十会成为残疾或永久毁容,这都是天花造成的
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The danger is that it's being purified from patients that have a disease and so you want to make sure that there's not other diseases that are present in that sample at the same time.
危险在于,这是从带有疾病的病人,身上纯化出来,因此你想确保,在那个样本中不会同时,携带其它疾病
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The issue of psychopathy, of people who, either due to brain damage or because they are born that way, have no moral understanding, can help us cope with questions of free will and responsibility; of the relationship or difference between mental illness and evil.
比如那些精神病人,不论是因为大脑受损而造成的,还是先天性的,并没有道德观念,可以帮助我们研究自由和责任的问题,或是研究心理疾病与邪恶的关系或区别
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