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So here we've got the continuing,evolving over time-- this is all taking place in France-- the personality of Napoleon in France.
所以这是持续的，随时间进化的…,这都是发生在法国-,法国拿破仑的人格。
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These are broker-dealers some of them are international like BNP Paribas is one of them--it's French.
它们都是经纪自营商,其中一些是国际的,比如巴黎国民银行是法国的。
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And there were cases where Bretons tried to name their children Breton names and the French State said, uh-uh,pas possible, because it wasn't officially French.
还有一些布里多尼人,想要给他们的孩子取布里多尼的名字,但是法国政府说,想都别想,这并非官方法语
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During the Enlightenment, the works of the philosophers that could not be published in France werepublished in Switzerland, more about that another time, and in the Netherlands.
启蒙运动时期,思想家们的作品,即使不能在法国出版,但也都在瑞士出版了,之后不久,又在荷兰相继问世
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By the same token, there is the work of Roland Barthes and some of his contemporaries--Poulet, whom I mentioned, - Jean Starobinski and others-- that was called in the French press La Nouvelle Critique.
同样的，罗兰巴特的一些作品,还有很多和他同时期的人，比如我们提到过的乔治普莱，让·斯塔罗宾斯基，还有其他人的作品-,也都被当时的法国媒体称为“新批评“
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That's right. I feel like, correct me if I'm wrong here, it seems to me there is a particular opportunity for Muslims in America in a sense of, unlike say France, where there is a real like no head scarves in the school.
是的，我个人觉得，似乎对在美国的穆斯林而言,有一个特别的机遇，不像在法国那里学校里面都禁止佩戴头巾。
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If you take newborn babies-- It's very hard to do research with newborn babies actually because of the consent procedure and everything, so most of this work is done in France, where they have no laws at all.
如果你去找些新生儿,由于知情同意书以及其他的问题,研究新生儿实际上是非常困难的,因此大部分的研究都是在法国进行的,因为法国并没有任何与此有关的法规
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French horn, yeah,but notice that if we take this aggregate-- and we're back to that same idea of the octave,the fifth,the fourth and the third, sort of,so it's again sort of primordial, this particular acoustical basis of so much of music.
法国号，对，但是注意，从总体的角度来看-,我们又回到了八度的概念，第五，第四，第三，大概是这样，所以这依然是是很基础的形式，许许多多音乐都是以这一种形式为声学基础的。
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You could think of these as two companies producing bottled water and now we're going to get hundreds of letters saying not all bottled waters are the same, especially from Italians and the French, but never mind. Let's just pretend that they are.
把他们想象成两家瓶装水厂商吧,我估计我们会收到数百封信件,告诉我说不是所有瓶装水都是一样的,尤其是从意大利和法国寄过来的那些,无所谓了,就把它们想象成是同质的吧
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And I was out there and the only place you could really get water, except for a few drinking fountains, were from the Evian booths and it talks on-- sand o three fifty for a bottle of water, which is pretty typical of these places, but what was interesting was the fact that this is shipped in from France.
我也去看了,除了几个饮水机之外,唯一可以喝到水的地方,就是依云矿泉水的摊位,而它的一瓶水要3.5美元,这种地方通常都是这个价,但有意思的是,这是由法国进口的
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World War One has an enormous impact on the way people viewed themselves, in France and everywhere; everybody knew people who died in the war.
一战对人们如何,看待自己产生巨大的影响,在法国和其他所有地方,每个人都有认识的人在战争中死去
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But it wasn't --the point was, it was the same scandal that we saw in the U.S., U.K., Germany and now France; it was the same source.
要点是,这与发生在美国和英国的丑闻一样,现在又发生在法国,它们都是源自同一事件
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Because the image was nobody collaborated or hardly anybody, and everybody resisted.
因为法国的印象就是没有或者基本没有法奸,每个人都在抵抗
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Or, if you go to Nimes in the south of France, you'll see boulevards that people race motorcycles around all the time and they keep you up all night.
或者去法国南部的尼姆,你会看到身边的林荫大道,总有人在进行摩托车比赛,让你整晚都不能入睡
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You can talk about the origins of French nationalism in the middle of the eighteenth century, but it's very closely tied to this dynasty, at least until they lop off the guy's head in 1793.
你也可以畅谈在十八世纪中叶,法国民族主义的起源,但是它和法国王朝制联系很紧密,至少直到一七九三年,那个家伙被砍头前都如此
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You can still in France today find not canine butchers, you can find horse butchers, and it's always a red front with a gold head of a horse, appropriately enough.
现在,在法国,你仍然可以看到杀马的屠户,通常都是红色门面上贴着个金色的马头,十分相称
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The myth, perpetuated by De Gaulle, the big guy, was that in France everybody had resisted except for a few elites, and then France had risen up to follow his great shadow and had thrown off the oppressor and founded a republic.
传说中,这也被戴高乐延续了,大个子,在法国每个人,除了一小撮精英以外都参与了抵抗,然后法国跟随着他的光辉,崛起了,赶走了压迫者,建立了共和国
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There was a sense that she'll never be from the village, she's from somewhere else; but, sometime between 1750 and maybe 1990 most-- almost everybody in France began seeing themselves as French.
就是有一种感觉,她从来也不是本村人,她是外地来的,但是,在1750年到最晚1990年之间的某段时间,基本上所有在法国的人都认为自己是法国人
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Given the very different route that Prussia, Austria, Russia, Sweden and France went with a centralization of absolute rule, why did it work out so differently for England/Britain and the Netherlands?
在选择政体时,当普鲁士,奥地利,俄国,瑞典,法国,都伴随着中央集权走上绝对主义国家的道路,为什么英国和荷兰会如此与众不同呢
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Now,that has changed, for sure; but,the centralization of the French government and the domination of Paris over the life of the nation is very difficult to change, over a long period of time.
现在,情况已经发生了改变,但是法国政府的中央集权化,以及巴黎在国民生活中的支配地位,在相当时间段内,都很难得以改变
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The armies that they were opposing, the French armies, were largely staffed by peasants from conservative areas, or from National Guards brought in from towns like Vannes, And, so, the commune--it's somewhat semi-proletarian, they're mostly working people.
他们所对抗的军队,也就是法国的军队,大部分是由保守郊区的农民,或是从诸如瓦纳,埃夫勒,所以,这些公社,有点半无产阶级的感觉,大部分都是有工作的人们
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After all, the Russian Orthodox churchmen had not been interested in the Renaissance at all, not interested in the scientific revolution at all; and, by 1710, Russian students are being sent abroad to foreign universities, particularly in Italy, but also in France and in England.
毕竟,对俄国东正教的教士们来说,他们对文艺复兴一点兴趣也没有,也不关心科学上的革命,在一七一零年,俄国开始派大学生外出深造,主要是去意大利,当然法国和英国的都有
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Maurice Chevalier was a crooner, he was a singer, he was--if your parents knew about France, he was the person that your grandparents even had heard about, and he was somebody from a poor part of Paris, and he was from Menilmontant, and he had this straw hat and he sung tunes-- "Very good my boys," And all of this stuff.
莫里斯·舍瓦利埃是个低吟男歌手,是个歌手,他是,要是你家长了解法国的话,他是那种你的爷爷都可能听说过的人,他是巴黎一个贫穷的地方的人,是从梅尼尔蒙当来的,他带着个草帽唱曲子,"小伙子们真不错",所有这些东西
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