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times 7, plus we have 6 in the sulfur, and oxygen is right above sulfur, so that also has 6.
二乘上七，加上硫的六个，而氧在硫的正上方，因此也有六个。
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So oxygen gets 3 pairs, and each chlorine gets 3 pairs, so now we're up to 9 pairs.
那么氧都有三对，每个氯有三对，那么现在我们用了九对了。
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So then, I could say that the average valence electron energy for oxygen would then be, I've got two s electrons.
所以，我可以说,氧的平均价电子能,就是，以我得到的两个s轨道的电子来算。
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Some of them have the capability of becoming red blood cells which carry oxygen in the blood.
一些能够成为红细胞,红细胞是血中携氧的细胞
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So, if we compare the sulfur to the oxygen, the oxygen it turns out is more electronegative and that is what holds the negative charge in this molecule.
因此，如果我们来比一下硫和氧，氧应该有更高的电负性,而在这个分子中它确实有负的电荷。
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We could also figure out the formal charges, and obviously the formal charges between these two atoms, they're going to be identical, we're only dealing with oxygen atoms here.
我们还可以把形式电荷算出来，显然这两个原子的形式电荷，应该是完全相同的，我们要处理的只有氧这一种原子。
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So in oxygen we have a similar situation where, in fact, we are not going to promote any of the electrons because we have two lone pair electrons no matter what we do.
在氧中，情况很类似，我们不能激发电子,因为无论如何我们都有两个孤对电子。
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So, if we look on the periodic table, comparing, for example, s to o, if we have s it's below o, what happens to ionization energy as we go down a table?
那么，如果我们看周期表上，比较，比如，硫和氧，硫在氧下面，当我们沿着表向下看的时候,电离能是怎么变化的？
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So let's do this considering, for example, what it would look like if we were to write out the electron configuration for oxygen where z is going to be equal to 8.
我们来做这个考虑，举例来说,如果我们写出,有效电荷量为8的氧的电子构型。
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So between b e, and b, between n and o, magnesium and aluminum, and then phosphorous and sulfur, what we see here is that we're kind of going down, or quite specifically, we are going down.
比如从铍到硼，从氮到氧，从镁到铝，从磷到硫，我们在这些地方看到有点下降，或者可以明确地说，我们确实在下降。
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So in oxygen again, this is just showing the valence electrons, so we end up having six valence electrons from each oxygen atom.
所以在氧里面，这里只展示价电子，我们最后每个氧得到6个价电子。
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So, for instance, this would suggest to us by the way it's written that the hydrogen is attached to the nitrogen and not the oxygen.
因此，比如，这样的写法会提醒我们,这个氢原子是与氮原子成键的，而不是氧。
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But there is nothing saying you cannot take magnesium and mix it with oxygen and make magnesium oxide.
同样的道理，如果将镁,与氧一起反应，就会得到氧化镁。
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Because aluminum ions have charge of plus three and oxygen ions have charge of minus two.
因为铝离子为正三价,氧为负二价。
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Are we saying that until 1774 there was no oxygen because it was discovered then?
我们是说，直到1774年才出现的氧,是因为它被发现了？
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But, the oxygen has taken two electrons from the sulfur.
但是，氧从硫那里得到了2个电子。
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So, in this case, we see that our formal charge is negative on the nitrogen, in this case it's negative on oxygen.
那么，在这种情况下，我们看到氮的形式电荷是负的，而在这种情况下，氧的是负的。
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There's absolutely nothing that tells us which atoms we should put it between, because they're both oxygen-oxygen.
我们没有任何理由把它们,放在其中一对原子中间，因为它们都是氧氧键。
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By looking at the periodic table it's right underneath oxygen, so those both have 6 valence electrons.
通过查周期表可以看到它就在氧的正下方，因此它们两个都有六个价电子。
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So instead of carrying oxygen to your cells, you're carrying cyanide to your cells.
因此，运到你的细胞的不是氧，而是氰化物。
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The respiratory system plays an important role in maintaining our internal environment at the proper level of oxygen, by bringing the right amount in.
呼吸系统的重要性在于,通过向体内输入适量的氧气,维持人体内环境中的氧平衡
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+6=12 Oxygen has six valence electrons. Six plus six is 12.
氧有6个价电子。
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You start with O double minus, so that is oxygen plus two electrons.
你从氧二负离子，也就是氯元素带2个负电子。
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All right, well, oxygen has the highest valence electron energy.
好吧，氧具有最高价电子平均能。
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So, we can say that -- if we have neon here and we want to think about what's isoelectronic, -- f minus would be isoelectronic. We also have oxygen -- what would the charge on oxygen be? Um-hmm, right. 2 minus.
那么，我们可以说--如果我们这里有氖原子,而我们想知道与它等电子的是什么，负一价的氟离子就是与它等电子的，我们还有氧-,氧应该是几价的？没错，负二价。
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So let's switch to thinking about oxygen hybridization here.
让我们考虑一下氧的杂化。
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And, let's try oxygen.
我们看氧。
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In this case, we're talking about 8 electrons, which is oxygen.
而这里，我们看到有八个电子，因此它是氧。
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Aluminum oxide, aluminum plus oxygen.
氧化铝，铝加上氧。
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Here's a data set. There is oxygen.
这儿是一个数据集，那是氧。
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