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You see, in the previous empires, like the Assyrian Empire, or these kinds of-- the Egyptian Empire, when people conquered other peoples, often all they wanted was tribute.
之前的各个帝国，比如亚述帝国，或者埃及帝国-,当他们战胜其他民族时，往往只是觊觎贡品。
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when you feel upset or when you feel frustrated that something is not going the way that you wish it would.
当你觉得很失落，或者当你因为事情不像你期望的那样进展而感到沮丧时，你也可以使用这个句型。
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So 1.1 times 10 to the -31 meters is not, in fact, a significant number when we're comparing it, for example, to the length of a ball, or the size of the baseball field.
所以1，1乘以10的负31次方米，事实上并不是一个很重要的数字，举例来说，当它与一个球的长度，或者一块棒球场地对比时。
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When I write or hear a rhythm, the writing becomes, for me, almost like music.
当我写下或者听到一段韵律时，写作对我来说，就变成了音乐。
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Good question, so what happens when you format a floppy disk or format a hard drive?
好问题，当你格式化一个软盘,或者硬盘时会发生什么呢？
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Is it meaningful to choose to do the good when you have no choice to do otherwise or aren't aware that you have a choice to do otherwise?
这样是否有意义，你选择了善良,在你别无选择的时候,或者是当你没有意识到还有其他选择的时候？
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Their job begins if you happen to cut yourself, for example, or you get a wound.
比如当你不小心割伤自己,或者受了其它外伤的时候
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We finished Black Boy last time, and one of the big questions coming out of my discussion of that autobiography is: how do you manage the question of context in reading a novel or an autobiography--in reading any text?
我们上次讲完了《黑孩子》,在关于那部自传的讨论中随之而来,的一个重要问题是：,当你在读小说、自传或者其他文本时,怎么处理上下文？
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Or, said a different way, what's going to happen when I run it?
或者，用不同说法来讲就是，当我运行它的时候会发生什么？
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Or a football player--when you're running down the field, why did you go to this way instead of that way ? when you're running down the field?
或者是问一个橄榄球运动员--当你在操场上奔跑时，你为什么要往这边跑而不是那边呢,当你在操场上跑的时候？
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This fellow wrote: I should be very ashamed were I to fall and people have to help me and realize that I could see only very little.
他这样写道：,当我跌倒了人们要帮助我的时候,或者我意识到自己只能看到很少东西的时候,我会感到很羞愧。
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But when you go to restaurants or people buy steaks you just don't see anything that small, and so the serving sizes are multiples of what might be typical.
但当人们去餐馆或者买牛排的时候,不会看见这么小的肉,所以我们生活中的份量是正常大小的几倍
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Use this pattern whenever you want to find out about the timing of an event in the past, present, or future.
当你想知道过去、现在或者未来某件事发生的时间时，你都可以使用这个句型。
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So now we're comparing my choosing 1, when my opponent chooses 2, and the payoff I would get if I choose 2 when my opponent chooses 2.
当我选择立场1,而对手选择立场2时,或者如果我们都选择立场2,我的收益会是怎么样的
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Cos many people sit here during the lectures on self-esteem, for example, or when we talk explicitly about happiness, ?" they say, "Wait. Do I have self-esteem?"-- Thinking to themselves.
因为很多人坐在这听有关自尊的讲座时，比如，或者当我们明确地讨论幸福时，他们说，“等等，我的自尊心强吗-,他们自己想到。
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When you're in dreamless sleep, you're not imagining or experiencing anything.
当在无梦的睡眠中时，你没有想象或者体验任何事。
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I've got to find them by experimenting, by putting other bodies and seeing how they react and then finding out what's the force that acts on a body when it's placed in this or that situation.
我得通过实验找出这些力,我会增加其它物体,观察其反应,求出当它处在这种或者那种情况下时,作用在物体上的力
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When you add this whole thing up, -411kJ/mol it gives you a net of minus 411 kilojoules per mole or about 4 eV per ion pair.
当你全部加上时，得到净能量,或者是4eV每个离子对。
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is when you go to a different country or if you're in your own city, you can ask around,
就是当你去一个不同的国家或者如果你在自己的城市，你可以到处打听一下，
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And it's a useful pattern when you want to express that your feelings have been hurt or that you're not liking something,
当你想表达你在情感上受到了伤害或者不喜欢某件事的时候，这是个很有用的句型。
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Or was it more the 1830s when you've got this booming cotton production happening finally in Alabama and Mississippi and Louisiana?
又或者是从18世纪30年代起,当阿拉巴马,密西西比和路易斯安那州,的棉花产量大范围高产时吗
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It's somewhat different when we're talking about the p or the d orbitals, and we won't go into the equation there, but this will give you an idea of what we're really talking about with this radial probability distribution.
当我们讨论ｐ轨道或者,ｄ轨道的时候会有些不同，我们那时不会给出方程，但它会给你们一个,关于径向概率,分布的概念。
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So, when the voltage difference between the plates is zero, or when we just don't have the plates there at all, the cathode rays are not bent, they just go right in a straight line, and they can be detected on this screen.
拐弯来测试它们是否带电,当两板之间电压为零，或者根本就,没有这两个板时，阴极射线是一条直线,它可以在屏幕上。
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So when you go ahead and draw these on your problem-sets or on your exams, it's a good idea to put these dashed lines in, both for you and for people reading it to see exactly where your molecular orbitals are coming from.
所以当你在做课后题,或者考试的时候要画这些图时，最好把这些虚线放进去，既方便你自己也方便别人知道,这些分子轨道是从哪里来的。
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When we start building up code, we're going to use commands. Or statements.
当我们写代码的时候，我们会用到命令或者声明。
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But when you start writing programs, especially when we get to web-based stuff where you want -- to check the user's input -- is it valid, is it an email address, -- and all these different scenarios -- it's actually often useful to be able to just enumerate them or rattle them off using this switching construct instead.
但是当你看是写程序时，特别是当我们,使用基于网络的东西，你想要,检查用户的输入-,它是合法的吗？它是不是一个电子邮箱地址？,所有的这些场景-,实际上它常常是有用的，当你用枚举结构列举它们,或者用它来快速地来说出它们。
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Obviously you don't invest in every company, so I was wondering what factors you look for in identifying companies that you want to invest in and ? that you think are especially poorly managed?
很明显你不会投资于所有的公司，所以我想知道当你考察你想投资的公司时,或者是管理情况很糟糕的公司时,你都会考虑哪些因素呢？
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So control of these international highways brought a great deal of wealth to the area, but the central location was a double-edged sword, because in times of peace it would bring prosperity, but, of course, in times of war the land was perpetually invaded as armies would crisscross the land going off to do battle with the great powers.
对这些国际要道的控制,给这个地区带来了大量的财富，但这处于中心的地理位置也如同一把双刃剑，因为在和平时期它带来繁荣，但，在战乱时期，这块土地常常被侵略,当军队在此刀刃相交,或者经过与强国征战。
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The other thing that I want to do today is try to tie this discussion on vaccines a little bit more closely with what we talked about last week, in terms of what happens inside your body when you receive a vaccine or when you're exposed to an antigen, and how the immune system actually responds to that.
还有就是,我希望可以,把今天关于疫苗的讨论,与我们上周讲过的内容,结合得更紧密一些,当接种疫苗,或者是接触抗原时,人体将会发生怎样的变化,以及免疫系统对疫苗产生何种应答
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And this is very much deliberate on our part so you just don't feel that inevitable angst when it comes to asking what you think is a dumb question and probably isn't, but you don't need to disclose your name.
这在我们的角度上来说是非常深思熟虑的,所以你们不要认为那是必然的麻烦,当问了一个你认为是愚蠢的问题,或者可能不是，但是你不必要,公开你的名字。
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