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That's something that we see again and again and it's remarkable how little common sense is often applied.
这些技能是我们司空见惯的,当时很奇怪人们一般却没有注意到它们。
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And John was in his first year of school, and he decided to join the running club, and we met there.
约翰当时是一年级，他决定参加我们的俱乐部，我们就这样认识了。
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So historically, the course is a lot of sophomores who, like me perhaps, are realizing that they finally have time to explore beyond their own interests.
从往年数据上可以看出，上这个课程的大都是大学二年级的学生，可能跟当时的我一样，开始认识到我们终于有时间,来探究我们兴趣以外的事情。
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We did that during the Great Depression, when it suddenly seemed like we really needed to do something.
是在大萧条时期开始实行的，因为当时我们突然发现,确实该做点什么了。
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This actually relates very closely to what we discussed in class on Friday before the long weekend, and what we were talking about is the energy levels of multielectron atoms.
这实际上与,上个长周末之前的周五的课上,我们所讨论的内容有着密切的联系，当时我们在讨论,多电子原子的能级。
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Verbatim repetition was not valued in the way that it might be for us.
逐字重复可能对我们来说是很重要的，但在当时却不是。
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That really is the question we are wrestling with and, of course, behind it all is can we seek any historical information from Homer's poems at all?
这确实是一个很棘手的问题,不管怎样,我们是否能从荷马史诗中,得出当时的史实呢
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In the meantime, let's consider the academic setting.
同时，我们也要考虑到当时的学术背景。
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Hermitage is a really wonderful and now just horribly overpriced wine from the Drome, on the left bank of the Rhone not very far away from where we live.
隐士山"是一种很棒的葡萄酒,不过标价奇高,产自法国罗纳河谷左岸,离当时我们住的地方不远
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So how do you feel call to this, but how did you like to say, I remember when I told my parents I was going to seminary, So I think there is a similar identity.
你对于做教士这件事是怎么想的，你当时是怎样想到，我记得当时对父母说我要去神学院时，所以我们的这种经历是类似的。
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She married an anarchist from the Department of the Ardeche, where we happened to live or are, at least were legally residents and spend much of our time down here; and she moved from one school to the next.
她嫁给了一个阿尔代什省的无政府主义者,正好我们当时住在那,或者说至少是合法居留然后在这边呆了很长时间,然后她从一个学校换到另一个学校
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Now, in the South what developed and let's define it at least quickly what developed was one of the world's handful of true slave societies.
当时的南方变成了什么样,至少我们很快就能得出结论,当时的南方变成了世界历史上,为数不多的几个真正的奴隶社会之一
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And I met her when we were here interviewing for the Park Scholarship that we're both part of while we're here,
当时，我们是来学院接受帕克奖学金的面试。后来我们俩都获得了这份奖学金，
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Our housing price is lower than it was when we bought it.
房价现在比我们当时买的时候低。
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Most recently--A few years ago, we were living in a regime of negative real interest rates, when the Fed was pursuing a very aggressive monetary policy.
就在最近几年之前,我们生活在,负实际利率的政策中,当时美联储追求一种,非常激进的货币政策
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And he actually did this in the late 1800's, back before even all of the elements that we know today were discovered, really only about 60% or so, 70% were discovered then that we now know today.
他最终在十九世纪晚期完成了这一壮举，难能可贵的是,虽然我们现在已经发现了所有的元素，但在当时已知的元素只有我们现在知道,百分之六七十，在这种情况下。
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So my student called Bernard Sadow up and asked him about his invention and he said, "Yeah, I was thinking, why don't we have wheels on suitcases?
于是我的学生打电话给伯纳德？沙度,然后询问了他关于发明的事情，他说道，是啊，我当时在想，我们为什么不能在行李箱上安轮子呢？
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So, you can understand they really felt quite confident at this time that we could explain everything that was going on and in fact, a really telling quote from the time was said by a professor at the University of Chicago, and what he said is, "Our future discoveries must be looked for in the sixth decimal place."
所以你可以理解,为什么当时的人那么,自信的说我们可以解释,这世界上发生的一起事情,事实上，当时有个著名的名言,是芝加哥大学的一个教授说的,他说“我们今后的科学发现,就在于弄清楚小数点第六位后的数，“
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And so it wasn't all that many years ago frankly that you know, certainly, people in this class were still using these things.
这跟多年前完全不一样，当时我们用的就是现在我手头的这种。
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I just happened, while I was a graduate student at Oxford University, to meet somebody who is vegetarian and start talking to him about the way we treat animals which I really didn't know much about.
那时我还在牛津攻读硕士研究生,偶然遇到了一个素食者,我们聊到人类是怎样对待动物的,当时我的确不是很了解。
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Yeah, good. So, they're actually helium atoms, helium ions. And this wasn't really important for the studies, it didn't matter that didn't know what they are but it's nice to kind of know now - that we do know what they were using.
氦粒子，这对他们的研究并不重要,他们并不需要知道它是什么,但我们最好知道,他们当时用的是什么。
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We can then supplement that with all sorts of other information that we have, but we don't have any documents from some settler explaining why he's going where he's going.
再结合其它信息,我们就能很好地补充完善,但是对于古希腊,我们没有任何的文字资料,当时的定居者为什么迁徙就无从知晓了
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They sort of seemed--even though they didn't say anything, when we were talking to them, when they were sort of pleased, we took that to mean that that was what they were doing.
他们看上去似乎-尽管他们不会说任何事情，在我们向他们阐述的时候，当他们有点高兴的时候，我们将之理解为我们做的就是他们当时正在做的。
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I'll tell you, in the south of France near where we live, when there was a lot of resistance in World War II against the Germans, there were some Protestant villages there that were noteworthy for their resistance.
例如在法国南部,当时我们住所的附近,有一些新教徒的村子,这些村民们在二战中奋力抗击德国的入侵,并因为他们的不屈抗争而闻名
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So, that's not exactly the case and we're going to start in at the point where right around this time of great confidence of feeling all has been conquered, there are some observations and discoveries that are made that completely break down these theories.
把测量弄的更精确一点,但事实并不如他说的这样,我们就要从这时候谈起,当时人们十分有信心的,觉得已经征服了一切问题,但有一些实验和观察,彻底粉碎了这种看法。
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One of the things that was interesting, when we were talking about the Sooka, was this idea that the Sooka should be weak enough and it would be destroyed if a big storm comes through.
有一件很有意思的事情，我们当时谈到了苏卡这个地方，意识到它其实很脆弱,很可能被即将到来的风暴摧毁。
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What we find is that the states who are doing most of the colonizing are located where most of the trade was going on at this point in history, and also most of the manufacturing.
我们发现,殖民行为最多的地区,地处当时贸易最频繁的区域,同时,那里也是制造业最发达的地方
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That's because it started out that way; when the federal government wasn't involved in those sorts of things and somehow, we never had the in fact, it's talked about--we should-- maybe we'll see it in the next ten or twenty years.
因为从一开始就是分开的,当时的联邦政府还没有介入监管,我们从来没有过...,实际上有一种说法,我们应该,也许10年或20年内,统一监管能够实现
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So you know that x-rays are higher frequency than UV light, for example, that means it's also higher energy than UV light, and if you think back to our photoelectric effect experiments, do you remember what type of light we were usually using for those? Does anyone remember?
你们知道，X，射线的频率比紫外光高，这意味着，它的能量也比紫外光要高，那么，请大家回想一下我们的光电效应实验，大家还记得当时我们用的是什么光源吗？,有人记得吗？
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