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The slaves and the freed persons of a Roman household Familia were legally the ones who were the familia.
一户罗马家庭的奴隶及被释放的自由民,法律上就称为。
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But the guards, the "Giants," they were called, who guarded Frederick the Great were giants because they were six feet tall.
不过,腓特烈大帝的警卫团,只是因为身高6英尺,就被称为"巨人团"
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The more you see something the more you like it and this is sometimes known as "the mere exposure effect."
你看到某样东西越频繁，你就会越喜欢它,这种现象被称为“纯粹接触效应”
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Because if we recognize that there are things in the world which have intrinsic value and importance and what we call beauty.
因为如果我们承认世界上有这么,我们称为“美“的东西，其本质上就无价且珍贵。
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One kind of response is called the innate response and innate means that it's present from the beginning.
其中之一称为先天性免疫反应,先天的意思是生来就有的
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who wrote in the thirteenth century, Aristotle was referred to, by Aquinas, " simply as "the philosopher."
在十三世纪的写作中，就直接将亚里士多德，称为，“哲学家“
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swap I'm going to keep track of a little variable called swap, it's initially true, and as long as it's true, I'm going to keep going, but inside of the loop I'm going to set it to false, and only if I do a swap will I set it to true.
我打算跟踪一个小的变量称为,初始值为真，只要它是真的,算法就会继续，但是在循环里,我打算把他设为假,除非交换发生，就把它设为真。
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The atoms or molecules in the gas don't know that there are other atoms and molecules in the gas, and then you end up with this universal property. All right, so gases that have this universal property, even when the pressure is not zero, those are the ideal gases.
可以忽略,这样就得到了理想气体的性质,在有限压强下,依然能保持这些性质的气体，被称为理想气体，本课中我们把大部分气体，都作为理想气体来处理。
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Then we move into something that I call a catalog.
就会进入我称为“集合“的部分。
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stdio h This file here is called standard I/O or stdio.h and this is just another text file someone else wrote many years ago and by using that line of code there, I'm telling the computer, give me acces to this code that this other person wrote that's in that file.
在这里的头文件称为标准输入输出文件或,这是由某位前人编写的文本文件,我们只需要刚才所述的一行代码，就能告诉电脑，让我连接到,这个前人在那个文件中写的代码。
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They're called sharps if they're up above the note in question.
若在我们讨论的那个音符上面,它们就称为升调
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He's somebody who lives in a polis; he's a citizen.
生活在一个城邦中的人,就被称为公民
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Once you can take one derivative, you can take any number of derivatives and the derivative of the velocity is called the acceleration, and we write it as the second derivative of position.
只要你能求一阶导数,你就能求任意阶的导数,速度的导数被称为"加速度",我们把它写成位移的二阶导数
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At the end of last class, we started sketching an argument that comes from Descartes, the Cartesian argument, that says merely by the process of thinking, on the basis of thought alone, it tends to show that the mind-- We all agree that there are minds.
在上次课的最后,我们开始简述一个,来自笛卡尔的论证,或称为卡氏论证,这个论证说仅仅通过思考,仅仅在思想的基础上,它就能证明心灵,我们都承认有心灵
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People have referred to this as a J shaped curve with this little up tick in the left hand side and people--some people have sort of said, well maybe it's not so bad to be overweight because it's not so good to be underweight as well and that's a problem.
人们把这称为J形曲线,最左边有一个向上的弯钩,因此就有人说,也许超重也不一定就是一件坏事,因为体重过轻也不是什么好事,这是个问题
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And of course, any political movement that tries to bring us together-- people together says--uses a family metaphor.
当然，任何政治行动,想把人们团结起来-,就会把人们称为一家人。
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Those animals that you produce are called transgenic animals because they're expressing, usually at high levels, a transgene or a gene that's not normally present in their species.
那么这些小鼠就称为转基因动物,因为转基因动物,通常能高效地,表达转基因,即一个通常不存在于该物种的基因
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Now, that rapid rise is called depolarization and the membrane is said to be in a depolarized state because it's less polarized or less negatively charged repolarized as negatively charged.
这个迅速上升过程称为去极化,我们称膜处于去极化状态,因为膜的极化程度降低了,或者说是带的负电减少了,而复极化就代表重新带上负电荷
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In this case, V = /P. Have two quantities and the number of moles gives you another property. You don't need to know the volume. All you need to know is the pressure and temperature and the number of moles to get the volume.
以及气体的摩尔数,就可以得到第三个量,知道压强，温度和气体的,摩尔数就可以推导出气体的体积,这称为状态方程,它建立了状态函数之间的联系。
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Starbuck This was the main character known as "Starbuck," who got transformed into a woman in the more recent one, a sort of example of how portrayals are shifting in interesting ways.
这个是主角，被称为“,最近拍的那部，把这个角色变成了女人，这个例子就能有趣地说明媒体的描绘,总是变来变去的。
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There is some reason to believe that in the population known as "psychopaths," a population we'll return to later on when we discuss mental illness, this sort of instinctive empathy is broken and the pain of others just doesn't bother them very much.
我们有理由相信,在一类被称为“精神变态者“的人当中“,我们以后会继续讨论这类人,当我们讲到精神疾病时，他们就没有这种本能的移情,他们对别人的痛苦无动于衷。
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And so when you start to poke around the puzzle pieces, you see that it can say things, we'll see movement in just a moment and sound and so forth, but at the end of the day, this is just like the program we used a moment ago for the sock exercise where we just hold Philip a step after step after step, do this, do this, do that, and yet, here too, we already see an opportunity for that thing we called the loop.
如果你认真看下这些拼图，你会发现它都是一些移动，并发出声音的功能块,就像我刚才的,练习程序一样,我们让飞利浦做这个动作，做那个动作，跟这里的情况一样，我们已经看到了称为循环的东西。
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And it's called divide and conquer for the obvious reason. I'm going to divide it up into sub-problems with the hope that those sub-problems get easier. It's going to be easier to conquer if you like, and then I'm going to merge them back. Now, in the binary search case, in some sense, this is a little bit trivial.
因此被称为分治的原因就这么简单,将一个问题分解成一些子问题,并希望这些子问题解决起来比较方便,正如你希望的，求解的过程也会变得简单,下面就是把结果合并起来,现在，在二分搜索的例子里,从某些方面来说，这有点微不足道。
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This is why even the best city, even Kallipolis will require, as he spends a great deal of time discussing, will require a warrior class, a class of what he calls "auxiliaries."
这就是为何就算是最优之城，就算是，Kallipolis，仍需要，如他费时讨论，都还是需要战士阶级，一个他称为，“后备的，“阶级“
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In some sense, that's one reason to associate this as a kind of energy, H just like mechanical energy u or enthalpy H, it's the minimum free energy state that is the equilibrium state under the relevant conditions.
在某种意义下，这是我们把这些物理量称为能量的原因，就像机械能U和自由焓，具有最小自由能的状态在特定的条件下,就是平衡态。
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Then those antigens get expressed with MHC just like they did in all the other cells inside the host, but particular cells of the innate immune system have a different kind of MHC called MHC2.
这些抗原同MHC共表达,就如同抗原在其他宿主细胞中那样,但先天免疫系统有一类特殊的免疫细胞,具有一种称为MHC2的不同MHC
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I'm going to start by talking about a very specific and interesting form of double stranded DNA called a plasmid and plasmids occur in nature.
我要从一种十分特殊,并有趣的双链DNA开始,这种双链DNA被称为质粒,它在自然界就存在
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If we did the experiment where on this booster we included not only the initial antigen but some unrelated antigen, the response to the unrelated antigen called B here, looks like a primary response.
如果实验中我们使用的后续疫苗,不仅包括原抗原,还包括一些无关抗原,这里将对无关抗原的应答称为B,该应答就如同初次免疫一样
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