Now the pain of a bite, being bit, and then the pain and fear of that is an unconditioned stimulus, unconditioned response.

咬伤所带来的疼痛感，和有此所带来的痛苦与恐惧,就是无条件刺激和无条件反应。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

So we can think about something I mentioned last time, which is when we're thinking about chemistry and what's really interesting in terms of chemical reactions, it's mostly valence electrons we're talking about, those are the ones that tend to be involved in chemical reactions.

我们可以考虑一下我上次提到过的一件事，那就是如果我们讨论化学,以及什么是化学反应中,真正令人感兴趣的东西，我们讨论的几乎都是价电子，它们才是在化学反应中,真正起作用的部分。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Some words that are useful in this discussion, a 'host'. A host is the organism that you're interested in defending and it could be you or me or some typical person.

讨论中会用到一些词,宿主 宿主是,你对其免疫反应感兴趣的生物体,可以是你我,或者其他人

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

I couldn't have told you, for example, if we look at a phosphate group, that that's going to be incredibly important in DNA, that it's also an incredibly important group when you're dealing with proteins and whether you're turning the function of a protein on or off.

怎么和化学反应相联系起来的，更不记得其它我更不感兴趣的规律,我不能告诉你，如果我们看磷酸盐,它们对于构成DNA十分重要,也是构成蛋白质的重要组份,它是否能打开或关闭一个蛋白质的功能。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选