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I'm going to write it like this three moles of hydrogen which is a gas one bar 100 degrees Celsius.
我会写成这样：,三摩尔氢分子，气体,1巴，100摄氏度。
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I certainly didn't understand how they even connected really to chemical reactions, much less other disciplines that I was interested in.
它们这么重要,我并不理解这些分子是什么，我也不知道它们。
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And I am going to superscript it molecular orbital, and this upper one, to indicate that it's antibonding, has the asterisk.
我将给分子轨道加上标，这个上标，表示反键轨道，有一个星号。
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But more that anything else I think it was that they were interllectuals, and that they were spending time with undergraduates.
但我觉得，更重要的是,他们是知识分子，而且他们和本科生一起生活。
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q1 So let me just rewrite that as, I just want to divide by q1 everywhere.
分子分母同时除以，现在我写的这些。
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I mentioned earlier, we thought about receptors as being these blocks and membranes but there are different families of receptors.
我之前讲过,我们把受体看做一类,固定在细胞膜上的分子,但受体有许多不同家族
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In the first half of 2009, the army special forces company I was with repeatedly try to interdict Taliban.
009年的上半年，我跟随着一个特种部队,我们屡次想要阻断塔利班分子。
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And as I will explain in a second there are many reasons why this sense hasn't really been elucidated at the molecular level.
难以真正从分子学的角度阐明,这种感官的原因是多方面的,有关这一点,稍后我会另行解释。
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I'm getting--we're all lowering-- all of our shares are going down by the same amount.
我们的分子都在降低,我们的股票都降低了相同数量
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So, I think we have these molecular orbital energies down, so let's move on to talking about more complex molecules.
分子轨道能量就说到这里，让我们继续来讨论一下更复杂的分子。
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I'm not going to writegiven threemoles of hydrogen at one bar and three degrees, blah,bla I'm going to write it in a compact notation.
我不会写“给定1巴和多少度下,的三摩尔氢分子之类,我会把它写成一个紧凑的形式。
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Now, chlorine I have to do a little bit more heavy lifting here because chlorine starts as a diatomic molecule.
现在，对于氯,我将会做更多的说明,因为氯元素起初存在于双原子分子中。
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So, for example, down here I wrote that it was n 2 and that it was h 2, but when I re-wrote the molecules up here, you saw that it's an h h single bond where it's a nitrogen-nitrogen triple bond.
比如，在这下面我写的是氮分子2,而这个是氢分子，但我在上面把这些分子的形式改写了，大家可以看到,这是一个氢与氢之间的单键，含一个氮与氮之间的三键。
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Some people ask me if I want you to know the molecular weights and so on, and I thought that was bit excessive.
有些人问我,你们是否需要记住元素的相对分子质量，我认为这样的话要求有点过高了。
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There's p1 here, and p2 here So I'm starting at p1, V1. I'm starting right here And I'm going to end right here.
它的分子间作用力很小,十分接近理想气体,对它做一个压缩过程。
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I mentioned a little bit that this membrane is not just lipid bilayer but there's also proteins that are inserted into the membrane.
我之前说过,这层膜不仅仅是一层脂质双分子层,而是有很多蛋白质嵌插在膜上的
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Whereas in molecular orbital theory, what I'm telling you is instead we understand that the electrons are spread all over the molecule, they're not just associated with a single atom or a single bond.
而在分子轨道理论里，我要告诉你们的时,我们任为电子分布在整个分子中,它们不仅仅是和,一个原子或者一个键有关。
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And the geometry, which I didn't ask you, is going to be bent for this molecule.
几何形状，虽然我没有问你们，对于这个分子是折线型。
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If I have one that's 400 kilojoules per mole and another that's 200 kilojoules per mole and I blend them, how do I get 500 kilojoules per mole?
如果你有一个每摩尔400千焦的分子,和一个没摩尔200千焦的分子,我把它们并子一起，我怎么得到每摩尔500千焦的键？
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One thing that I want to mention that is really important is once you have double bonds, what happens between those two atoms in the molecule is they can no longer rotate in relation to each other.
我要提醒你们的非常重要的一点事,一旦有了双键，分子中的两个原子,就不能相对旋转了。
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And again, I want to point out that a molecular orbital, we can also call that a wave function, they're the same thing.
同样，我要指出的是,一个分子轨道，我们也可以叫它波函数，这是一件事情。
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If I only worry about minimizing the energy, it's true They'll stick together a little bit.
如果我只关心能量最低，这是对的,分子会黏在一起。
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I'll show how that works in just a moment, but estrogen for example, is one of those.
我马上就给你们讲这个过程,举这类分子中的一种,雌激素作为例子
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An agonist is a substance that mimics the action of a natural ligand, and I show you a couple of examples of agonists here.
激动剂是能够模拟天然配体分子的物质,在这里我给出了一些激动剂作为例子
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But first, I just want to remind you when we're talking about molecular orbital theory, this is treating electrons as waves, so what we're actually able to do is either constructively or destructively combine atomic orbitals to form molecular orbitals.
但首先，我要提醒你们,当我们讨论，分子轨道理论的时候，我们把电子看作是一种波,所以我们可以相长叠加,或者相消叠加这些原子轨道来组成分子轨道。
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So I said that we want to be talking about valence electrons here, so that means if we're talking about, for example, the octet rule for an f f molecule where we have two fluorine atoms, we need to write the valence electrons as dots around them.
我说过我们在这要讨论的是价电子，这就意味着，如果我们要讨论，比如，关于两个氟原子组成的分子的八隅体规则,我们首先需要把价电子画成围绕在它们周围的点。
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Because of that, if I eat something that's rich in glucose, so it has lots of sugar molecules, the sugar molecules can't pass between the cells.
因此,如果我吃了富含葡萄糖的食物,尽管其含有很多的糖分子,但糖分子不能从细胞间通过
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I want to do energy level diagrams for molecules.
我要为分子制作能级图。
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So I indicated the molecule.
所以我强调这种分子的表示法。
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