The Russian empire was rather like Charlemagne's empire in 800 in the coronation at Aachen or Aix-la-Chapelle and all of that.

沙皇俄国倒是非常像查理曼帝国,即公元800年在亚琛加冕称王的查理曼帝国

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

And what is Russian that should be modified by being open to non-religious influences that come from other places?

同时俄国的哪些方面应该允许,非宗教势力的影响而做出相应的调整

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

Those titles that Eikhenbaum keeps talking about -How Don Quixote was Made, How Gogol's Overcoat was Made- reflect the preoccupation of the Russian formalists with how literature is put together.

艾肯鲍姆总谈论,堂吉诃德，果戈理的外套是是怎么塑造的-,这反映了俄国形式主义者,对文本组合方式的执着。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

But yet Muscovy was considerably less important than the commonwealth of Poland-Lithuania, which was considerably much greater and subject to struggles with and influence by that state.

但俄国的影响力仍远不及,波兰-立陶宛联邦,后者远远比俄国强大,但却受制于两国的争端所照成的影响

耶鲁公开课 - 欧洲文明课程节选

Against the backdrop of Marx's thought pervading - not just Russian life but beginning to pervade Russian government-- against this backdrop, the idea of struggle, as in class struggle, is going to predominate.

马克思的思想不但席卷,俄国普通百姓的生活，并且开始影响俄国政府-,在这样的背景下，人们认为阶级斗争是历史发展的主要推动力。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选