So, we know now that we have charged particles. Are these negatively or positively charged based on this evidence?
弯曲的角度,现在我们知道,阴极射线是带电粒子,但从这个实验?
It's called, I don't know if you guys speak any Japanese, but it's called Bungo, the thing that we're focusing on.
我不知道你们是否会日语,但我们主要学习的东西被称作“豊后”。
But we understand that what happens in the church part of the Catholic Church might be different from what happens in the basketball gem that the Catholic church builds.
但我们知道,在天主教的教堂中所发生的,可能不同于,在天主教会建造的,篮球场上发生的事情。
But this of course, as we know, is only one of the ways in which Milton's power, or what Woolf thinks of as his leadership, can be thought of.
但我们知道,这不是看待,弥尔顿的力量,或者伍尔夫所指的他的领导力,的唯一方式。
And I know it sounds kind of crazy but we have a lot of fun as you can tell.
我知道听上去很疯狂,但我们相处得很快乐,你们看得出。
The earnings, you understand, are kind of a theoretical concept but dividend is the money that we send out.
你们都知道,收益是个理论概念,但股利是我们分发出去的钱
I don't know if that's true of you, but it certainly is true of people of my generation.
我不知道你们是不是也这样,但对于我们这代人来说确实如此
And he actually did this in the late 1800's, back before even all of the elements that we know today were discovered, really only about 60% or so, 70% were discovered then that we now know today.
他最终在十九世纪晚期完成了这一壮举,难能可贵的是,虽然我们现在已经发现了所有的元素,但在当时已知的元素只有我们现在知道,百分之六七十,在这种情况下。
We really don't know, but it has something to do with "being."
我们并不知道,但它是与某种存在有关系的“
But we all know do we not that most contemporary political scientists tend to be liberals. Their values are liberal values.
但我们都知道,不是吗?最当代的,政治科学家倾向于是自由主义者,其价值观是自由主义的价值观。
Now, if that was all we had to say about disgust, it wouldn't affect morality very much but we know that people can be seen as disgusting.
如果我们只停留在情绪层面来讨论反感,那么它跟道德就没多大关系,但我们知道,我们可以把人看成令人反感的。
Many of the issues that I raised in talking about defining literature are as relevant for literary criticism as they are for literary theory, and yet we all instinctively know that these are two very different enterprises.
当讨论文学的定义时,我提出的许多问题,对于文学理论和文学评论都同样相关,但我们都知道,它们是两个不同的概念。
But how do we know that's an equilibrium?
但我们怎么知道那是个均衡
There's no reason why these two attributes had to be proportional, but they are proportional and they are equal by choice of units and you can ask, "Is this just an accident or is it part of a big picture?"
我们不知道这两个质量为何成比例,但它们确实成比例,而且如果选择合适的单位还会相等,你会问,"这种情况纯属偶然,还是这只是物理学大体系的冰山一角"
Well, that matters to us, but the trouble is, without predictability you don't know where to put the peak.
那对我们很重要,但问题是,没可预见性你就不知道巅峰放在哪点。
So delta u is just equal to the work but we also know what happens T2 because the temperature is changing from T1 to T2.
所以Δu等于输出的功,但我们也知道它会发生,同时我们知道温度从T1变到。
But, there is something else that we know.
但我们还知道另一个东西。
There are services now, we don't know yet how to get those stem cells out of cord blood and how to use them for therapies, but it's reasonable to think that we might know about this in 30 years.
现在已经有提供这样的服务了,我们现在还不知道如何从脐带血中,提取这些干细胞并用于治疗,但有理由相信,在未来的30年内我们会知道的
We know, of course, that Adam and Eve are going to eat the stupid fruit; but Milton is developing a style that works to resist our drive to get to the end of the story.
我们知道亚当夏娃会吃掉那愚蠢的果子;,但弥尔顿创造了一种体式,抗拒我们想要读到故事结局的冲动。
We don't have to make up our minds in advance whether it was a real world or a completely fantastic one, but at least let's see if we can describe what world it looks like.
我们不必事先考虑这是一个,真实的抑或虚幻的世界,但至少要知道我们能否描述这个世界
It's kind of unsettling because we like to know what things are, but at the same time it's not really a big problem because as long as we know about the fact that a certain notion of literature exists in certain communities we can begin to do very interesting work precisely with that idea.
可能会有点让人不安,因为我们总想知道事物的定义,但知不知道,实际上问题不大,只要我们知道在特定群体中对文学有特定的认识,我们就能在这种认识上做文章。
We're talking about the perceptions of other people, how we perceive other people, but social psychologists are also interested in the question of what happens to other people as a result of being perceived in a certain way.
我们谈了对别人的看法,我们对别人的看法,但社会心理学家还有兴趣知道,当我们形成对别人的看法时,别人会有什么反应。
We know we need to divide by 266, 266 but what we need you to help us with is to figure out this top number here and see how many particles are going to backscatter. So if the TAs can come up and quickly hand out 1 particle to everyone.
知道背散射的概率就可以了,我们知道要除以,但还需要你们来搞清楚,分子上的数是多少,有多少个发生背散射的粒子,助教们请过来,把这些球分给同学们。
But finally, Reiner says, well, thank you for visiting us, it's all very wonderful, but you know our audience would really like to know; it seems like a simple question but it's awfully hard to understand, but how can a great, big, enormous, heavy thing like this airplane get off the ground?
但最后 雷纳说到,谢谢你的来访,太棒了,但你知道吗,我们的观众非常想知道,这问题貌似简单,但却很难让人明白,问题是,像这么一个巨大且沉重的飞机,是如何飞起来的呢
The difficulty with reading Machiavelli today is that we all think we already know what he knows and that is false.
今日阅读马奇亚维利的困难点,在于我们都认为我们早已知道,他所知道的东西,但那并不正确。
So, we're talking about wave functions and we know that means orbitals, but this is -- probably the better way to think about is the physical interpretation of the wave function.
我们讨论波函数而且,我们知道它代表着轨道,但-也许更好的思考方法是,考虑波函数的物理意义。
Well, again, it used to be believed that the brain is wired up like a computer, like a PC or a Mac or something like that, but we know this can't be true.
人们曾经以为大脑是像计算机那样,组装起来的,像台个人电脑或苹果电脑,但我们知道这种观点是不对的
But we do know the following.
但我们知道如下内容
So, in general what we see, and this is always true if we're comparing the same atom, and in general, if we're comparing different types of molecules, but we know that a single bond is always weaker than a double bond, which is weaker than a triple bond.
通常我们会看到,这对比较相同原子来说总是正确的,通常,如果我们要比较不同种类的分子,但我们知道单键,总是要比双键弱,双键总是要比三键弱。
Once we can do that we can go on and say okay, what actually is a wave function, but first we need to know how to describe which ones were talking about.
我们就可以继续并说波函数到底是什么,但首先,我们需要知道,如何描述,我们说的,是哪一个波函数。
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