The director of its Vaccine Research Center,Gary Nabel, says each antibody blocks the virus from attaching to white blood cells.

VOA: special.2010.07.14

So, that was a naturally occurring attenuated virus that could be produced into a vaccine that didn't cause the disease.

因为天花病毒存在天然的衰减病毒,这种衰减病毒可以用来,直接生产不致病的疫苗

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So, some of these cases were probably due to polio that was transmitted by incompletely killed virus that was present in the vaccine.

因此,那些病例的发病的原因,是被那些疫苗中携带的,没有被完全杀死的病毒感染

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The vaccine did not lower the amount of virus in the blood of volunteers who became infected during the study.

VOA: special.2009.10.13

That would be a subunit vaccine because I'm purifying a subunit of the virus that could be injected and hopefully induce an immune response.

那将会产生疫苗,因为我提取的是病毒的亚基,可以被注射并且有可能引发免疫应答

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The WHO's Director-General,Margaret Chan, has expressed concern there is not a good process in place to produce enough vaccine against the virus.

VOA: special.2009.08.18

And then I don't have to produce the whole virus in order to make a vaccine.

那么无需合成完整的病毒,就能制造疫苗

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Agency chief Margaret Chan has expressed concern there is not a good process in place to produce enough vaccine against the virus.

VOA: special.2009.08.05

Remember that the lucky thing about the smallpox vaccine was that a naturally occurring attenuated form of the smallpox virus variola called vaccinea was found.

对于天花病毒来说,幸运的是,存在一种自然发生的,被称作痘苗病毒的,天花病毒的衰减疫苗

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The other was the vaccine's ability to reduce the amount of virus in the blood of people who became infected during the study.

VOA: special.2009.10.13

In the Sabin vaccine, or the oral polio vaccine, now you have a non-virulent virus.

在沙宾疫苗,即口服小儿麻痹症疫苗中,存在非致病性病毒

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The traditional way to make flu vaccine is to grow the virus in chicken eggs.

VOA: special.2009.11.11

We've talked about killing a virus by cross-linking it, for example, to make a substance that looks like a vaccine-- looks like a virus but can't replicate.

例如,我们谈论过,通过蛋白交联来杀死病毒,以便制造出一种类似疫苗,应该是类似病毒但却无法进行复制的物质

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The standard flu vaccine causes the body to produces antibodies, which target parts of the virus that frequently mutate.

VOA: standard.2010.07.21

Let's talk about the polio virus vaccine, keeping those things in mind.

以脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗为例,你们要记住这些知识点

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

But in a new study, researchers used a vaccine aimed at a different part of the virus.

VOA: standard.2010.07.21

In particular, we're going to focus in the beginning, on polio virus, which is another great success story, but where a very different approach to vaccine development was used.

特别地,在开始我们会关注脊髓灰质炎病毒,那是又一个成功的故事,但又与发现疫苗的过程不尽相同

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Mutations in the virus mean that last year's vaccine probably won't protect against this year's flu variety.

VOA: standard.2010.07.21

He produced an oral polio vaccine from an attenuated virus.

他利用减毒病毒制得口服小儿麻痹症疫苗

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

"There are parts of the flu virus that could be the target of what we would hope eventually could be a universal influenza vaccine."

VOA: standard.2010.07.21

It turned out that one of--there were three vaccine manufacturers, one of them was using the procedure not quite correctly, they weren't completely killing the virus when they produced their vaccine.

结果显示,疫苗的生产厂家一共有三个,其中一家的生产程序不是非常正确,他们在生产疫苗的时候,并没有完全杀死病毒

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Concern that Europeans are shunning the vaccine against the H1N1 virus was raised this week by the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.

VOA: standard.2009.11.25

Jonas Salk, who probably you've heard the name, was a physician who, at the time thought, "Well if we can make large quantities of this virus then perhaps we can make it into a vaccine."

乔那斯?索尔克,你们可能听说过他,他是一名内科医生,在当时认为,如果我们可以制造大量病毒,那么我们或许可以使其转化为疫苗

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The vaccine proved safe and a close match with circulating virus.

VOA: standard.2010.01.18

They take it, the vaccine itself, the virus, reproduces in their gut and they can actually spread it to other children in the same way that they spread the disease where you've got children that are maybe at school or at childcare.

他们服用了疫苗,则疫苗菌本体,病毒本体便在他们的体内进行繁殖,实际它们以同样方法传播到其他孩子体内,当你去学校或者幼儿园,接你的孩子的时候,这些病毒正在传播

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Particularly, if we took advantage of the fact that this is a virus that's easily transmitted orally and could you make a vaccine that would be effective orally as well, that would be a tremendous advantage, especially in children who don't like to get shots.

尤其是,如果我们可以利用这种病毒,很容易经口传播这一事实,制造出一种,可以通过口服而起到同样效果的疫苗,那么这将是一个巨大的飞跃,特别是对于那些不喜欢打针的孩子

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

If the immune system recognizes only small pieces of the virus and mounts an immune response to that, how about if I just take these pieces of a virus like some structural subunit, some piece of protein and use that as a vaccine?

如果免疫系统识别出病毒的一小段,就可以诱发起免疫应答,那么如果我仅用一小部分病毒,比如一些结构性亚基 一些蛋白质的片段,来作为疫苗的话,会如何呢

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选