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"The U.S.data should remind us that this recovery is not likely to be V-shaped It seems to me that we are going to see rising unemployment for a long time yet,"
VOA: standard.2009.08.05
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v We don't know what it is yet. In order to change this from a p to a V, you have to use the chain rule. So let's use the chain rule.
为了把这里的p变成,我们需要利用链式法则,好，让我们使用链式法则。
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We have two main cafeterias, the Ratty and the V-Dub, which are on opposite sides, South and North.
我们主要有两个食堂，一个叫Ratty，一个叫V-Dub，两个食堂一个在南边，一个在北边。
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John Silvia is the senior economist at Wells Fargo Bank: "Private payroll gains continue to be modest and I would say it does raise flags for those super optimists who were looking for a V-shaped recovery and thinking that we are going to go back to normal very quickly in the US.economy."
VOA: standard.2010.07.02
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The ideal gas constant doesn't change, temperature doesn't change, and so v we just have minus nRT integral V1, V2, dV over V.
理想气体常数不变，温度也不变，因此,是负的nRT，积分从v1到v2，dv除以。
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We'v e shown that learning optimism prevents depression and anxiety in children and adults, roughly halving their incidence over the next 2 years.
研究证实，乐观可帮助儿童和成人,预防抑郁和焦虑，使未来两年的发病率降低一半。
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v The weight, w, and v, these are the two vectors we've seen here.
重量是w和价值，这是我们看过的向量的两个值。
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Then, you can then understand that v is what b is, which we write as v0.
然后你现在就可以知道,v就是系数b,我们记作v0
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So I just have to see, oh, here's a D, let me keep looking, D here's an A, keep looking here's a V, here's an I, here's a D and yet, and this is one tidbit we introduced a week or so ago, how do I now know if I'm just given the address of the start of the string where the end is?
我只需要看到，哦，这里是一个D，让我接着往下看，这里是A，接着这是V，这是I，这是,然而，这是我们一周以前介绍的花絮，如果你给我一个字符串开始的地址,我怎么知道它什么时候结束？
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Okay. Now watch what happens as we continue with this I,VI,IV,V,I progression.
好，在这一段I-VI-IV-V级的和弦进行后，音乐发生了什么变化呢。
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and the same for favour, they spell f-a-v-o-r, we put u in it,
同样地，对于发烧这个单词，他们拼写成f-a-v-o-r，我们要加一个u在里面，
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So here we're talking about v plus 1, so if we were to write it just for the neutral electron itself, we would find that the electron configuration is argon, that's the filled shell in front of it.
这里我们要分析的是正一价的钒离子，因此，我们先写出中性原子的电子排布，可以发现，其原子实是氩原子的电子排布，这些壳层已经被占满了。
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v dv We have minus V1, V2, nRT over V dV.
负的v1，v2，nRT除以。
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So what we've discovered from this relationship dq that du at constant volume is equal to dq v.
从这个关系式里我们发现,恒体积时的du等于恒体积时的。
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OK, so now we can take the result from this and put it onto a p v diagram.
好，现在我们有了结论,把它画进pv图。
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Which we've expressed now in terms of S and V, S and p.
我们把他们写成S和V以及S和p的函数。
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V The convention, and then we need to stick to it.
等于Pext乘以Δ
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OK, so for a constant volume process, du we can write du, partial derivative of dT u with respect to T at constant V, dT, dv plus partial derivative of u at constant V, dV.
好，对于一个恒定体积的过程，我们可以写出,等于偏u偏T，V不变，加上偏u偏V，T不变。
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So instead of v bar, we write p v bar minus b, equal r t.
现在考虑，这些气体分子之间。
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D-A-V-I-D Well, if I've got a five-letter word like D-A-V-I-D, well, that's like five bytes and yet we only have the ability thus far in this class to return one thing at a time I can't return five bytes to you, but wait a minute, those bytes by nature of a computer are just stored in RAM.
好的，如果有5个字母的单词，如，那是5个字节,我们只能返回一个东西,而不能返回5个字节，等一下，这些字节被计算机本能地,存储在内存中。
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Therefore, mathematically at a given time t, we can trade t for v and put it into this formula.
因此,从数学角度来说,在给定的时刻 t,我们可以用 v 来表示 t,并代入这个式子
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V So this nR over V. And then, using the relation again, T we can just write this as p over T.
恒定温度下的dp/dT等于nR除以，再次利用状态方程，可以把它写成p除以。
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Well, we already know what dA/dT at constant V is.
我们知道恒定体积下的。
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Were going to make it for a mole of gas, T1 so it's R times T1, V and then we'll have dV over V.
假设是有一摩尔气体，那么就是R乘以，然后有dv除以。
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We want to do that because we have too many variables here. We've already got dV p we'll get rid of p as an additional variable and replace it with V which is already in here.
我们之所以要那么做,是因为这儿有太多变量了,我们已经有了dV，我们要把,作为额外的变量消去，用已存在的V代换它。
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So v of t, v is the limit, and we use the symbol dx/dt for velocity.
点的速度等于一个极限,我们用符号dx/dt表示速度
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So we've got a I chord built on the first degree of the scale, a V chord built on the fifth degree of the scale, a IV chord built on the--a IV chord built on the fourth degree, and a VI chord built on the sixth degree.
这样我们就有了建立在第一音级上的I和弦，第五音级上的V和弦，第四音级上的IV和弦，以及第六音级上的VI和弦。
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Normally I couldn't do that Vdp because this term would have p dV plus V dp, but we've specified the pressure is constant, so the dp part is zero.
一般情况下我不能这么写,因为这一项会包含pdV和，但是我们已经假定压强为常数，所以包含dp的部分等于零。
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Then we'll come to a V chord, to a I chord,to a IV chord,to a V chord,to a I chord, just as we were doing with the Beach Boys.
然后出现了一个V级和弦，转到I级和弦，再到V级和弦，再到I级和弦，和我们刚才分析的Beach，Boys的一样。
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As long as we understand that, we can do this cancellation and this says on the left-hand side the change in the quantity v square over 2 is a times the change in the quantity x.
只要我们明白这一点,我们就可以这样做简化,在等号左边,v^/2的变化量,为a乘以x的变化量
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