So what we end up with in terms of our bonding electrons is going to be 6 bonding electrons.

因此最终我们需要六个成键电子,那么我们可以来把它们填上。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So let's see, we started with 8 bonding electrons, and we used up only 4, so the answer is yes, we have 4 bonding electrons left.

那么让我们来看看，我们一开始有八个成键电子，然后只用掉了四个，因此答案应该是还有剩余，我们还剩下了四个成键电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Now if you read in the book, you read about where this figure is shown in the book, you can understand more about why these structures line up in the right way so that the right molecular elements are together to form hydrogen bonding pairs between them.

如果你预习过课本,课本中有关于这些详细的描述,你可以更深刻的理解,为什么这些结构是采用这种连接方式,以使对应的分子部分靠近,并形成氢键连接

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Yeah, so also 4. We started with 10 valence electrons, we used up 6 of those as bonding electrons, so we have 4 left, which will be lone pair electrons.

对，也是四个，我们从十个价电子开始，只用了六个来成键，因此我们还剩下四个，它们将成为孤对电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Clearly, we put 2 for each bond, and now we end up having 2 remaining bonding electrons left.

显然，我们在每个键处放上两个电子，那么最后我们还剩下两个成键电子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

We're going to release a lot of energy for bonding, it's going to more than make up for the fact that we actually had to spend some energy to promote that electron.

在成键时，会释放大量能量,这比补偿激发电子,的能量要多。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Our step three is to figure out how many bonding electrons that we need, or excuse me, how many total electrons that we need to fill up our octets, so that's just going to be 4 times 8, which is 32.

我们的第三步是判断,我们需要多少个成键电子，不好意思，是我们总共需要多少个电子,才能填满所有“八隅体“,那么这就应该是四乘上八，也就是三十二。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, up here, atomic theory, periodic table, bonding, structures and molecules.

原子理论，元素周期表，价键，分子结构。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So for the bond order we want to take 1/2 of the total number of bonding electrons, so that's going to be 4 minus anti-bonding is 4, so we end up getting a bond order that's equal to 0.

键序等于1/2乘以,总的成键电子数，也就是4，减去反键电子数，也就是4。,所以最后得到键序为0。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So for some you that are less interested in maybe the physical structure of an individual atom, now some more exciting material for you might be coming up if you like to think about how, instead, molecules behave, either within bonding, within themselves, or with other molecules, that's what we're going to be heading to in this next unit.

那么对于某些同学，你们或许不感兴趣,对于单个原子的物理结构，现在可能有令你感到兴奋的内容,要出现了，如果你更喜欢思考,分子的行为，或者是关于成键的，或者是关于它们本身的，又或者与其它分子之间的行为，这些将是我们下个单元要讲的内容。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So we have two electrons in our bonding orbital, but because we use the same rules to fill up molecular orbitals as we do atomic orbitals, so the Pauli exclusion principle tells us we can't have more than two electrons per orbital, so we have to go up to our anti-bonding orbital here.

所以在成键轨道上有两个电子，但因为我们用了和原子轨道时,用的相同的规则，所以Pauli不相容原理告诉我们,一个轨道上不能有两个以上的电子，所以我们需要填充到反键轨道上去。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

If I had a beaker sitting on the table here and it contained a million blue double stranded DNA molecules and a million red double stranded DNA molecules and I heated it up and added a little base, I'd soon have four million individual strands just floating around in the solution because I've broken up this hydrogen bonding and the DNA molecules fall apart.

假如我这里有一个烧杯 里面,盛有一百万条蓝色DNA双链和,一百万条红色DNA双链,然后我稍微加热一下烧杯,并且加一些碱,很快我就有了四百万条DNA单链,漂浮在溶液里,因为我已经使得氢键断裂,DNA双链也随之打开

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选