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In other studies, bone marrow transplants cured severe sickle cell disease in almost two hundred children.
VOA: special.2009.12.16
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An asymmetrical division is not like that, it's when a parent cell forms two cells that are different in some way.
而不对称分裂就不是这样,当母细胞分裂为两个子细胞时,会有一些不同
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Most of you have probably at some point or another learned about the cell cycle, or the process of a cell going from being a single cell to being two cells.
大部分人应该或多或少,学过细胞周期,就是细胞,一分为二的过程
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The two most common forms of skin cancer are basal cell and squamous cell cancers.
VOA: special.2010.07.06
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Now with stem cell technology there are two pathways that are imaginable.
如今有了干细胞技术,也就有了两条途径可选。
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There could be differences in the physics of cell division, this process of separating into two cells such that even though they both have the same chromosomes, they both have the same DNA content, maybe one of the cells entraps something that's different than the other cells.
细胞分裂的过程中的确可能会产生差异,在分裂为两个细胞的过程中,尽管两个子细胞含有相同的染色体,含有相同的DNA组成,但也许其中一个细胞,截留了和其他细胞不同的物质
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Then we're going to talk about two physiological systems just briefly, where cell communication sort of dominates the behavior of the organ.
然后我将简要地讲到两个生理系统,主要是讲细胞通讯控制器官活动的方式
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Mitosis is an orderly sequence of events by which one parent cell becomes two daughter cells.
有丝分裂是指一个亲代细胞,变为两个子细胞的有序的过程
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It separates those duplicated chromosomes to two sides of the cell, physically separates them, and the cell itself pinches off to form two new cells.
双倍化的染色体,被分别拉向细胞的两边,物理性的分离了,细胞本身中央凹陷形成两个新细胞
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When I talked about mitosis, I talked about cells making perfect copies of each other, so each parent cell becoming two daughter cells that are the same.
我讲有丝分裂的时候,谈到过细胞能够完美的复制自己,母细胞分裂成为,两个完全一样的子细胞
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We talked about the parent cell forming two identical daughter cells.
我们说到母细胞,分裂成为两个一模一样的子细胞
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What happens during mitosis is that the cell is able to separate this double set of chromosomes into two sets and that happens in a way that's shown in this cartoon here.
当细胞有丝分裂时,细胞将其分开形成两组染色体,如下图所示
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These are two examples I just gave you of introducing genes that affect the life of a cell, either by making it express a protein that it's not making properly that's important to its life, or by intentionally killing a cell by having it express a fatal gene.
刚才我所举两个例子,都只是影响单一细胞生命过程的,无论是使无法正常表达的重要蛋白,正常表达也好,或是有意地,导入致命的基因杀死细胞也好
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So before a cell enters mitosis it has to have synthesized its DNA so it has two copies of all of its chromosomes.
所以在进入有丝分裂之前,细胞必须先合成DNA,所以它含有两套染色体拷贝
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