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So this is a case where we have resonance structures, or we call this a resonance hybrid.
因此在这种情况下我们就有了共振结构，或者我们叫它共振杂化。
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So again, if we think about that shape of that carbon atom, it's going to be trigonal planar, 120° it's going to have bond angles of 120 degrees, because we have this set up of having three hybrid orbitals.
如果我们考虑碳原子的形状，它是平面三角形，键角是，因为我们有这三个杂化轨道。
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I have four bonds that are of equal energy, and he called this an sp3 hybrid.
我已经将4个能量相等的键画好了，他把这称为sp3杂化。
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So if you picture this as our s p 2 carbon atom where we have three hybrid orbitals, and then one p y orbital coming right out at us.
如果你把这想象成sp2碳原子,这里有3个杂化轨道，然后一个py轨道朝向我们。
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So this is a little bit trickier to look at and see what it means, but essentially we have two hybrid orbitals, which are shown in blue here, and then we have one p orbital that's left alone that's going up and down on the page.
看这个图肯能会觉得比较诡异，但本质上，骂我们有两个杂化轨道，这里用蓝色表示，还有剩下一个p轨道,在图中上下方向上。
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All right, so in terms of s p 3 hybrid orbitals, let's combine all four together on one axis, because this is what's going to happen in an s p 3 carbon atom.
对于sp3杂化轨道，让我们把4个结合起来，因为这是sp3碳原子中发生的情况。
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sigma So we'll call this sigma, and it's between two s p 2 hybrid carbon atoms.
我们可以叫它，它在两个sp2杂化碳原子之间。
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So, this forms a tetrahedron, which forms the sp3 hybrid orbitals.
这就形成了一个四面体，它是由sp3杂化轨道形成的。
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So, if we think about this z bonding axis between the two carbon atoms, we can picture overlap of those s p hybrid orbitals, and then we can also picture bonding to hydrogen.
如果我们考虑,两个碳原子之间的z成键轴，我们可以画出sp杂化轨道的交叠，我们也可以画出和氢原子的成键。
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And again, this is between the p orbitals, these are not hybrid orbitals, so when we name this bond we're going to name it as a pi bond here, because it's between two p orbitals, and it's going to be between the carbon 2 p y orbital, and the other carbon 2 p y orbital.
同样，这是在p轨道之间的，它们不是杂化轨道，所以当我们命名这个键时,我们要命名它为π键，因为它在两个p轨道之间，而且是在碳2py轨道，和另一个碳2py轨道之间。
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