Thermodynamics is asking you, what work does this thing do on the surroundings or the surroundings do on the system?

热力学在问你们，到底是系统对环境做功,还是环境对系统做功？

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

If it's an equilibrium system, then thermodynamics can describe it.

如果它是个平衡系统，那么热力学就能描述它。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And often, if you want to make a lot of it, you have to think about the thermodynamics of the system, how fast the reactions will go and kinetics, and then whether they'll go, the thermodynamics, and sometimes then you need to adjust the reactions, maybe use a transition metal to make it go better.

这种分子就不能正常工作，而且通常来说,如果你要大量生产一个东西,你必须考虑系统的热力学，反应速率和动力学,还有反应是否会发生，热力学，而且有时候你需要调整反应的发生。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选