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All right. With all this said, how can the theorist recuperate honor for certain names like, for example, his own?
好了，说完这些以后，一个理论家该如何,为一些特定的名字，比如，他自己的，恢复尊严呢？
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or in some cases because they're very famous writer or theorist or politician.
在某种情形，这些称号也能授给一些出名的作家、理论家或者政治家。
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During all of these problems for the personality theorist, the body theorist,the fans of the body theorist,is standing there laughing.
人格理论家被这些问题重重困住，肉体理论家和支持者在一旁笑了。
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Also--this is to be kept in mind, and this is of course we'll have more to say about distinctions between them on Tuesday: Derrida is not a literary theorist.
请记住,周二我们会更详细地讨论他们之间的不同：,德里达不是一个文学理论家。
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He was critic and theorist. What I discovered was his critical writings.
他也是批评家和理论家,我发现的是他的批评作品。
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So the body theorist can avoid the problem of fission, avoid the problem of duplication by adding the no branching rule.
肉体主义者能避开分裂问题，通过无分支原则，避免复制导致的问题。
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Ah,says the soul theorist, Follow the soul--unless the soul splits, Shelly Kagan in which case neither of them is Shelly Kagan.
灵魂理论者说，跟随灵魂，除非灵魂分裂，那样他们就都不是。
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Maybe the soul theorist has an alternative available to it that-- available to him that the other theories don't have.
也许灵魂理论者还有一种-,其他理论没有的可能。
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Needless to say, it's the central word in Derrida, which is nevertheless not classifiable or categorizable, and so for that reason we can't really say Derrida is specifically a literary theorist.
不用说，这个词对德里达来说至关重要，然而我们确实无法对话语进行分类，因此，我们恐怕不能称,德里达为文学理论家。
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And I've drawn a lot of different distinctions about what would you say if you're a personality theorist to deal with this?
我也提出了很多,作为人格理论者或肉体理论者时？
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As far as I can see,the best option for the body theorist at this point is to add--no surprises here--a no branching rule.
据我所知，肉体理论者最好的选择就是,毫无意外地，是加上一条无分支规则。
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We ask. And then the soul theorist says, "Well, uhm.. er.. ah.. it just can."
要是我们这么问,灵魂学说者就会说,那个,嗯,呃,啊,它就是能产生
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And if the best the soul theorist can say is, "I can't explain it and neither can you," that's not a reason to believe this side.
如果灵魂理论者最多只能说,我不能解释,你也不能,这不是一个相信灵魂存在的理由
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And so when the personality theorist says the key to personal identity is the same personality. They don't mean literally the very same set of believes and desires.
所以当人格论专家说道,人格同一性的关键在于,同样的人格时，他们指的不是,一成不变的一系列信仰和渴望。
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What's the alternative? The alternative,it seems,for the soul theorist, Shelly Kagan is to say,neither of them is Shelly Kagan.
还有什么选择，灵魂理论者还有的选择，就是说他们都不是。
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What we'll ask ourselves next time is whether or not the body theorist is in a better situation.
下一讲我们就来讨论,肉体理论家能否幸免于难。
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We already learned,by thinking about the corpse case, that existence wasn't good enough for the body theorist.
通过思考尸体的案例，我们已经知道，存在本身对肉体主义者并不重要。
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So,in the fission case,the body says,the body theorist says, in the fission case,there's splitting,there's branching.
在这种裂变的情况下，肉体理论者说，分裂和分支存在的情况下。
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Suppose the soul theorist answers that last objection by saying,Ain't ever going to happen.
假设灵魂理论者对上个异议的答案是,这事情根本不可能发生。
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So it looks as though the personality theorist is going to have to introduce a distinction between my being alive, on the one hand,and my body being alive,on the other.
所以看起来人格理论必须,要弄清楚我的存活，和我的肉体存活之间的区别。
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So,what does the soul theorist say about the fission case?
那灵魂理论者是怎么解释分裂案例的呢？
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What should a soul theorist say about the fission case?
灵魂理论者对分裂案例是怎么说的呢？
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But still,even the body theorist needs a different distinction.
但仍然，肉体主义者也需要另一种区别。
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And the question for the theorist is to show how this two can be combined should be combined and how with sensitivity to both You can perceive things that you don't otherwise.
理论家面临的问题,就是要展示这两者是能够相结合的,应该结合起来，结合时要考虑到二者的感受,你除此之外无法观察到事物。
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That's what the personality theorist said.
这就是人格理论者的说法。
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What's the body theorist to do?
那肉体理论者该怎么做呢？
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The key to personal identity not the only thing a soul theorist can say but the natural thing for a soul theorist to say the key to personal identity is having the very same soul.
人格同一性的关键,不仅是灵魂理论家会说,而且他们是很自然地认为,人格同一性的关键,是有相同的灵魂。
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So at the very same moment that positing the nonsplitting of souls seems to solve the fission problem of duplication, it yanks the rug out from underneath the soul theorist by undermining one of the types of arguments for believing in the soul in the first place.
所以在为了解决复制产生的裂变问题,营造出灵魂的不分割性时，也侵蚀了一开始相信灵魂的存在的论据,从内部动摇了灵魂理论者。
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But at least for a while,during period C, the body theorist should say,Yeah,you will exist.
但至少还能存在一段时间，就是C阶段，肉体主义者能说，是的，你将存在。
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But in the abnormal case,the personality theorist needs to say, or so it seems to me,the two deaths come apart.
但在特殊情况下，人格主义者要说，这两者的死亡是分开的。
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