But that formula forces us to return to the original Socratic question about the harmony of the soul and the city.

但那个公式迫使我们回到,原始的苏格拉底式问题,即有关灵魂与城市的和谐。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

The guiding thread of the book is the correspondence, the parts of the city and the parts of the soul.

本书的导引线索是,当中的相似之处，城邦一部份与灵魂一部份间的对称性。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

in which the three parts of the city and the three parts of the soul are direct expressions of one another.

是一种城市的三个阶级,与灵魂的三个部份,彼此直接呼应的和谐状态。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

The platonic idea of justice concerns harmony, he tells us, both harmony in the city and harmony in the soul.

柏拉图式的正义观是关于和谐，他说到，那是关于城市的和谐与灵魂的和谐。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

The philosophic city is introduced as a metaphor to help us understand the education of the soul.

哲学之城的导入,是要作为一种隐喻,协助我们了解灵魂的教育。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

Is the structure of a city ? identical to the structure of a soul?

城市的结构,等同灵魂的结构吗？

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

And since the city, you remember, is simply the soul at large, the three classes of the city merely express the three parts of the soul.

而因为城市，简言之，即是灵魂的放大版，城市的三个阶级,因此即代表着灵魂的三个部份。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

There is, in the first set of dialogues, a distinct hierarchy of characters, you might say, who we see later on express those distinctive features of the soul and the city.

在第一段对话中，可以明显地看出角色间的尊卑地位，你也可以说这些人,所表达出的独特性格,正是灵魂与城邦所具备。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

That seems to be one way of making sense of the city/soul hypothesis, but again it doesn't seem to answer the question ? in what way are cities and individuals alike.

那似乎是,解释城灵假说的一种方式，但似乎仍未回答基本的问题,城市与个人间到底有何相似之处。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

One way of thinking about the metaphor of city and soul together is to think of it as a particular kind of causal hypothesis, about the formation of both individual character and political institutions.

思考城市与灵魂结合的方法,是将其想象成,是一种特别类型的,因果假说，关于形塑,个人性格与政治制度。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

How is a city like a soul and in what respect is self-governance, the control of one's passions and appetites, in what respect is self-control ? like the governance of a collective body?

城市如何像灵魂,且在哪些层面自管、,自控一个人的激情、欲望，在哪些层面,这些会像是管理一个集体？

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选

It seems to be presented entirely innocuously, no one in the dialogue objects to it, yet everything else follows from this idea that the city, the polis, is in the central respect like an individual, like the soul of an individual.

这似乎看起来完全无关紧要，所以对话中的每一个人都不反对，但之后所有的事都慢慢浮现,就从这个概念开始,城市、城邦，重视的核心与个人相同，也像个人的灵魂。

耶鲁公开课 - 政治哲学导论课程节选