That signal is carried here, for example, by the concentration of second messengers - the concentration of something else.

这里这个信号由,第二信使的浓度,即另一种物质的浓度来传递

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Now, one of the advantages of having second messengers is this is one way that you can integrate between different receptor systems that are acting inside a cell.

使用第二信使分子的好处在于,它能够将,作用于细胞内部不同的,受体系统结合起来

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选