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It's just minus the sum of all these things, because of course these are just defined as the work done by the environment to the system.
等于负的这些东西的和，因为它们的定义是,环境对系统所做的功。
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That's the work that the system is doing to the environment. I'm doing work to the environment. The work is negative, which means that work is being done to the environment.
功的大小,就是矩形的面积,这样我们就实现了一台热机，冷却，加热，加热,冷却，系统回到了初态。
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The respiratory system plays an important role in maintaining our internal environment at the proper level of oxygen, by bringing the right amount in.
呼吸系统的重要性在于,通过向体内输入适量的氧气,维持人体内环境中的氧平衡
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It's not going to be zero this time because we have non zero heat exchange between the system and the environment, right.?
热力学量，但是现在让我们看一下,我们的特殊函数，这次它不会是零,因为系统与外界的热量交换并不是零，对吧？
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There's no heat flowing from the environment to the system. I have to define my terms.
系统与外界间,并没有热传递发生。
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The respiratory system, for example, the renal system, the digestive system, these are examples - three examples of organ systems that contact the external environment.
例如,呼吸系统,泌尿系统,消化系统,这些系统,这三个系统,与外环境相联系
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We've talked about the interesting way in which the digestive system contacts the external environment.
我们会讲到,消化系统与外环境之间十分有趣的联系
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Wirr Minus w irreversible, this is the work which is done to the environment by the system, -Wrev minus w irreversible is always smaller than minus w reversible.
一点提示，不可逆过程中系统,对外界做的功，总是小于,之前我们。
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Our immune system's function is to keep us healthy in the face of an environment where there are lots of things that could potentially harm us.
我们免疫系统的功能就是保持自身健康,在面对危机四伏的环境时,使我们免受伤害
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w we have the environment doing work on the system OK, now we've assumed that epsilon prime is greater than epsilon.
大于零，that，is，in，this，one,在这里环境对系统做功,好，现在我们假设,ε’比ε大。
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Depending on what you call external and internal environment, this path that I'm tracing here, deep within your digestive system, is really directly connected to the outside world through both ends.
基于你们所谓的外环境和内环境,我在这里我所指的消化系统内部通路,它的两端确实与外界环境直接相通
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